Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Sebagai Insektisida Nabati Untuk Pengendalian Kecoa Amerika (Periplaneta americana)

Maulina Aulia Afrianti; Imam Thohari; Ernita Sari; Rusmiati Rusmiati

doi:10.31004/koloni.v5i3.1299

Authors

Maulina Aulia Afrianti Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya
Imam Thohari Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya
Ernita Sari Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya
Rusmiati Rusmiati Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/koloni.v5i3.1299

Keywords:

american cockroach, extract, moringa leaves, botanical insecticide

Abstract

The American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) is a mechanical vector responsible for transmitting various diseases and is commonly controlled using chemical insecticides. However, repeated use of these insecticides may lead to insect resistance, environmental pollution, and adverse health effects. As an environmentally friendly alternative, Moringa oleifera leaves contain bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids, which have potential as natural bioinsecticides. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on the mortality of the American cockroach. This study employed a true experimental method using a Post Test Only Control Group Design. Moringa oleifera leaf extract was applied at concentrations of 40%, 60%, and 80%, with one untreated control group. Cockroach mortality was observed for 24 hours after application. The data were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA test at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that Moringa oleifera leaf extract exhibited insecticidal activity against the American cockroach, with mortality rates of 10%, 18.3%, and 31.7% at concentrations of 40%, 60%, and 80%, respectively, while no mortality was observed in the control group. The One-Way ANOVA test indicated a significant difference among treatment groups (p < 0.001). Probit analysis revealed an LC50 value of 97.583%. In conclusion, Moringa oleifera leaf extract has potential as a bioinsecticide against the American cockroach, with mortality increasing as the extract concentration increased. Further studies are recommended using concentrations close to or exceeding the LC50 value (97.583%) and evaluating longer exposure times to determine the optimal dose and effectiveness.

References

Ahwan, Z., Dayat, M., Wibisono, M., Aji, F. R., Kasiman, & Anam, K. (2023). Formulasi Insektisida Nabati Kombinasi Daun Brugmansia Suaveolens Bercht. & J. Presl Dan Daun Swietenia Macrophylla King Untuk Mengendalikan Hama Hypothenemus Hampei Ferr. 34(2), 218–227.

Ali, I. N., Ngadino, & Suryono, H. (2020). Potensi Air Rendaman Daun Tembakau ( Nicotiana Tabacum ) Sebagai Bioinsektisida Kecoa ( Periplaneta Americana ). 14(56), 48–55.

Anjani, L. W., Amalia, S., & Nurhalizah, T. (2024). Pestisida Alami Kulit Bawang Merah ( Allium Cepa ) Terhadap Morfologi Hama Pada Tanaman Bayam Brazil ( Altenanthera Sisso ). 1001–1017.

Baringbing, S. M., & Hanina. (2020). Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Jeruk Purut ( Citrus Hystrix ) Sebagai Insektisida Alami Terhadap Kecoak Amerika ( Periplaneta Americana ) Dengan Metode Semprot.

Dwi Restika Pur, Yessi Harnani, H. (2021). Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Ppeppermint (Mentha Piperita) Sebagai Insektisida Alami Terhadap Kecoa Amerika (Periplaneta Americana). 1, 263–272.

Fauziah, N., Maulidiyah, M., Hartanto, T. P., & Diana, S. N. (2023). Studi Fitokimia Dan Farmakologi Tanaman Kelor ( Moringa Oleifera Lam ). 1(4).

Hayati, R. Z., & Susanna, D. (2020). Original Article The Human Pathogens Carried By The Cockroaches In The Food- Related Environment Potentially Causing A Foodborne Diseases : 20(2), 159–170.

Imamah, Hasanah, H. U., & Hanizar, E. (2023). Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Bahagia (Dieffenbachia Sp.) Terhadap Mortalitas Kecoa (Periplanetta Sp.). 5(1).

Iqbal, A. (2023). Pengaruh Pemberian Pestisida Nabati Terhadap Larva Tenebrio Molitor ( Ulat Hongkong ) Pada Tanaman Sawi ( Brassica Juncea ) Di Bbpp Batangkaluku Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. 3(1), 33–37.

Irawan, D. W. P. (2023). Pengendalian Vektor Dan Binatang Pengganggu Di Rumah Sakit. 6.

Kemenkes Ri. (2022). Dampak Perubahan Iklim Berpengaruh Terhadap Timbulnya Penyakit. Https://Keslan.Kemkes.Go.Id/View_Artikel/301/Dampak-Perubahan-Iklim-Berpengaruh-Terhadap-Timbulnya-Penyakit?Utm_Source

Maharani, A. (2023). Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Bawang Putih (Allium Sativum L.) Sebagai Insektisida Terhadap Kecoa Dubia (Blaptica Dubia).

Marisa, H., & Melinda, S. (2023). Pengaruh Ekstrak Kulit Batang Sirsak ( Annona Muricata L .) Sebagai Insektisida Nabati Terhadap Mortalitas Kecoa ( Periplaneta Americana ) Dewasa. 4(1), 38–45. Https://Doi.Org/10.24233/Sribios.4.1.2023.393

Nurmawati, M. (2022). Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Catnip ( Nepeta Cataria ) Sebagai Bioinsektisida Terhadap Kecoa Amerika ( Periplaneta Americana ). 16(6), 24–30.

Who. (2023). Compendium Of Who And Other Un Guidance On Health And Environment.

Samaniyah, S., Andayani, T., & Stevi Yang Kana. Zr. (2023). Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia) Dalam Sediaan Lotion Sebagai Repellent Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti. 9(2).

Sri, H., & Fitri, A. (2025). Literature Review : Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Kelor ( Moringa Oleifera ) Sebagai Insektisida Nabati Dalam Pengendalian Hama Literature Review : Effectiveness Of Moringa Leaf Extract ( Moringa Oleifera ) As A Vegetable Insecticide In Pest Control. 259–267.

Tressa, U., Purnama, F., & Iswono, I. (2024). Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Kitolod (Isotoma Longiflora) Terhadap Kematian Kecoa Amerika (Periplaneta Americana) Metode Penyemprotan. 03(01), 31–36.