Etika Kecerdasan Buatan dalam Pelayanan Publik: Menyeimbangkan  Efisiensi dan Akuntabilitas

Pipit Afrianti; Santi Rande; Suci Fitrah Syari; Ayu Dewi Mayasari

doi:10.31004/koloni.v5i2.811

Authors

Pipit Afrianti Universitas Mulawarman
Santi Rande Universitas Mulawarman
Suci Fitrah Syari Universitas Mulawarman
Ayu Dewi Mayasari Universitas Mulawarman

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/koloni.v5i2.811

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence; Public Service; Ethics; Accountability; Algorithmic Bias

Abstract

Perkembangan kecerdasan buatan (artificial intelligence / AI) telah mendorong transformasi signifikan dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik, terutama dalam meningkatkan efisiensi, kecepatan, dan akurasi layanan. Namun, penggunaan AI juga menimbulkan berbagai persoalan etis yang berkaitan dengan akuntabilitas, transparansi, dan keadilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dilema etika dalam implementasi AI pada pelayanan publik, khususnya dalam menyeimbangkan efisiensi dan akuntabilitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi literatur yang diperkaya melalui observasi fenomenologis. Data diperoleh dari artikel ilmiah, laporan kebijakan, dan dokumen resmi yang relevan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun AI mampu meningkatkan efisiensi pelayanan publik secara signifikan, penggunaannya berpotensi menimbulkan kesenjangan akuntabilitas, keterbatasan transparansi akibat sistem black box, serta bias algoritmik yang berdampak pada ketidakadilan layanan. Selain itu, otomatisasi layanan juga berimplikasi pada berkurangnya dimensi empati dalam interaksi pelayanan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kerangka etika yang komprehensif guna memastikan bahwa implementasi AI tetap selaras dengan prinsip keadilan, transparansi, dan tanggung jawab publik.

Kata Kunci : Kecerdasan Buatan; Pelayanan Publik; Etika; Akuntabilitas; Bias Algoritma

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