ISSN 2828-6863 (Online) KOLONI (SINTA 4) SK AKREDITASI NO 147 Download DISINI KOLONI adalah jurnal multidisiplin ilmu terakreditasi SINTA 4 yang diterbitkan oleh Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai. Jurnal KOLONI terbit setiap tiga bulan dan merupakan jurnal peer-review, open access, serta bersifat ilmiah yang menerbitkan berbagai jenis artikel seperti artikel penelitian, artikel review, laporan kasus, studi kasus, resensi buku, tesis, disertasi, dan karya ilmiah lainnya. Ruang lingkup (scope) jurnal KOLONI mencakup berbagai bidang keilmuan multidisiplin, antara lain: Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat Keperawatan dan Kebidanan Farmasi dan Ilmu Kedokteran Pendidikan dan Ilmu Keguruan Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Ekonomi, Manajemen, dan Bisnis Hukum dan Ilmu Politik Teknik dan Rekayasa Ilmu Komputer dan Teknologi Informasi Pertanian, Peternakan, dan Perikanan Lingkungan dan Kesehatan Lingkungan Psikologi Administrasi Publik dan Kebijakan Komunikasi dan Media Bidang ilmu lain yang relevan dengan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi Dengan ruang lingkup yang luas, jurnal KOLONI menjadi wadah publikasi ilmiah bagi peneliti, akademisi, dan praktisi dari berbagai disiplin ilmu.
Peran Marketing Mix (7P) dalam Mempengaruhi Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Rawat Inap: Studi Persepsi Pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah X
Hospital marketing mix is a set of controllable variables used to influence patients’ decisions in choosing healthcare services. This study was motivated by the low Bed Occupancy Rate (BOR) at RSUD X, which has not yet reached the ideal standard, with an average of 43.96%. This study aims to analyze the effect of patients’ perceptions of the marketing mix (7P) on the utilization of inpatient services at RSUD X. This research employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 122 inpatients selected using probability sampling with a simple random sampling technique. Data analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between patients’ perceptions of the marketing mix and inpatient service utilization. The results showed that most respondents had a positive perception of the marketing mix with good service utilization (53 respondents; 40.2%), while respondents with poor perception and low utilization accounted for 61 respondents (50.0%). Statistical analysis indicated a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05) with a correlation coefficient of 0.752, categorized as strong. This indicates a significant effect of patients’ perceptions of the marketing mix on inpatient service utilization at RSUD X. It is recommended that the hospital improve responsiveness to patient complaints, enhance the service environment, and conduct regular satisfaction surveys to increase service utilization.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fariz Kahendra, Paramita Boni Lestari, Ria Efkelin, Tania Gunawan, Kharina Aisyah Aurellia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Kualitas Pelayanan Kefarmasian Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Di Instalasi Farmasi Rawat Jalan Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Mutu Kualitas Pelayanan Kefarmasian
Pelayanan kefarmasian merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam sistem pelayanan kesehatan yang berperan dalam menjamin penggunaan obat yang aman, efektif, dan rasional, serta kepuasan pasien menjadi indikator utama dalam menilai kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas pelayanan kefarmasian dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien di Instalasi Farmasi Rawat Jalan RSU Sebening Kasih Pati. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien rawat jalan di RSU Sebening Kasih Pati, dengan sampel sebanyak 200 responden yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Kriteria inklusi meliputi pasien yang menerima pelayanan kefarmasian, berusia ≥18 tahun, dan bersedia menjadi responden, sedangkan kriteria eksklusi adalah pasien yang tidak bersedia atau tidak menyelesaikan kuesioner. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan dua kuesioner, yaitu kuesioner kualitas pelayanan kefarmasian berbasis SERVQUAL dan kuesioner kepuasan pasien dengan skala likert. Analisis data menggunakan uji Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas responden berusia 18–35 tahun (42,5%), berjenis kelamin perempuan (56,5%), berpendidikan SMA (54,0%), bekerja di sektor swasta (39,5%), dan memiliki intensitas kunjungan >5 kali (86,0%). Kualitas pelayanan kefarmasian dan kepuasan pasien berada pada kategori sangat puas dengan nilai rata-rata 4,4. Hasil uji menunjukkan nilai r = 0,731 dengan p < 0,05, yang berarti terdapat hubungan yang kuat dan signifikan antara kualitas pelayanan kefarmasian dengan kepuasan pasien.
Copyright (c) 2026 Novita Dwi Setyaningrum, Ria Etikasari, Ahmad Suriyadi Muslim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Gambaran Pasien Stroke terhadap Skor NIHSS di Rumah Sakit Daerah Gunung Jati Kota Cirebon
Stroke is a neurological emergency that leads to disability and death. NIHSS is used to measure stroke severity, with factors including age, gender, and blod pressure. Aim : To determine the profile of stroke patients based on NIHSS scores at RSD Gunung Jati Kota Cirebon. Methods : This study is a descriptive observational study using medical record data. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling, specifically purposive sampling . Results : Of the 70 stroke patients at Rumah Sakit Daerah Gunung Jati Kota Cirebon, 72.9% had ischemic stroke, and 27.1% had hemorrhagic stroke. The majority of ischemic stroke patients had grade II hypertension (59.6%), and hemorrhagic stroke patients also predominantly had grade II hypertension (40.4%). Ischemic stroke patients generally had severe NIHSS scores, while hemorrhagic stroke patients tended to have very severe scores. Males dominated both ischemic stroke (68.4%) and hemorrhagic stroke (31.6%). Middle-aged and young adults were the most affected by ischemic stroke, while hemorrhagic stroke was more common in young adults and the elderly. Conclusion : At RSD Gunung Jati Kota Cirebon, the majority of stroke patients experienced ischemic stroke, while the remainder had hemorrhagic stroke. Most ischemic stroke patients had grade II hypertension, and the same was observed in hemorrhagic stroke patients. Ischemic stroke was more often associated with severe NIHSS scores, whereas hemorrhagic stroke was frequently classified as very severe. Males were more dominant in both types of stroke, with ischemic stroke patients mostly in the middle-aged and young categories, while hemorrhagic stroke occurred more frequently in young adults and the elderly.
Copyright (c) 2026 Devinda Salva Krisna Larasati, Dasa Sariadi, Agus Kusnandang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Fleksibilitas Otot Hamstring pada Anak Usia 9-12 Tahun di SD Negeri 4 Pemecutan
Hamstring muscle flexibility is an important component of children’s physical fitness that may be influenced by physical activity. Low physical activity and increased sedentary behavior among elementary school children may reduce muscle elasticity, including hamstring flexibility. This study aimed to determine the relationship between physical activity and hamstring muscle flexibility in children aged 9-12 years at SD Negeri 4 Pemecutan. This study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 95 respondents were selected using purposive sampling. Physical activity was measured using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C), while hamstring flexibility was measured using the Sit and Reach Test. Data were analyzed descriptively and bivariately using the Spearman rho test. The results showed that most respondents had a moderate level of physical activity, with 60 respondents (63.2%). Hamstring flexibility was mostly categorized as good, with 25 respondents (26.3%). The Spearman rho test showed a p-value of 0.251 (p > 0.05) with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.119. In conclusion, there was no significant relationship between physical activity and hamstring muscle flexibility in children aged 9-12 years at SD Negeri 4 Pemecutan. The positive correlation indicated that higher physical activity tended to be associated with better hamstring flexibility, although the relationship was very weak.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Putu Preti, Indah Pramita, Gede Parta Kinandana, I Putu Gde Surya Adhitya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Kesesuaian Pediatric Nutritional Risk Score dengan Diagnosis Malnutrisi pada Anak di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Waled Kabupaten Cirebon
Malnutrition in children remains a common health problem among hospitalized pediatric patients and may increase the risk of complications, length of stay, and mortality. Pediatric Nutritional Risk Score (PNRS) is one of the screening methods used to identify the risk of malnutrition in children at an early stage. This study aimed to determine the suitability of Pediatric Nutritional Risk Score with the diagnosis of malnutrition in children at Waled Regional General Hospital, Cirebon Regency. This study used an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of all pediatric inpatients at Waled Regional General Hospital, Cirebon Regency. Samples were selected using consecutive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The variables included Pediatric Nutritional Risk Score results and malnutrition diagnosis based on anthropometric parameters. Data were collected from medical records and observation sheets. Data analysis was performed using agreement tests by calculating sensitivity, specificity, and Kappa statistical tests. The results showed that Pediatric Nutritional Risk Score had a fairly good suitability with the diagnosis of malnutrition in pediatric patients. Most patients with high-risk PNRS scores were also diagnosed with malnutrition based on anthropometric assessment. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant association between PNRS results and the diagnosis of malnutrition in children. Pediatric Nutritional Risk Score has a good level of suitability with the diagnosis of malnutrition in children and can be used as an initial screening method to detect the risk of malnutrition in hospitalized pediatric patients at Waled Regional General Hospital, Cirebon Regency.
Copyright (c) 2026 Firda Nafisa, Ali Manfaluthi Ahmad, Ineu Nopita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Karakter dalam Cerpen Meraih Asa, Cita, dan Cinta Karya Nia Yurika Arisandi dan Kelayakannya Sebagai Bahan Ajar Teks Cerpen di SMP
Literary works are generally used as a medium to convey educational values and support the formation of student character. This study aims to describe the values of Education contained in the short story Meraih Asa, Cita, dan Cinta by Nia Yurika Arisandi and assess the feasibility of these values as learning materials for Junior High School students. This study uses qualitative descriptive method with reading, listening, and note-taking techniques. The results showed that the short story contains several educational values, namely the spirit of learning, hard work, learning achievement, responsibility, honesty, and motivation in achieving goals through education. In addition, these educational values are considered worthy of being used as teaching materials because they are delivered through simple language, contexts that are in accordance with the psychological development of students, and cultural backgrounds that are close to the lives of Junior High School students.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Dzakiyyatul Khotimah, Mukh Doyin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efektivitas Kombinasi Dual Antipsikotik (Risperidone dan Olanzapine) serta SSRI dalam Manajemen Gangguan Skizoafektif Tipe Depresif : Laporan Kasus
Schizoaffective disorder, depressive type, is a psychiatric condition characterized by the presence of psychotic symptoms within the context of mood episodes, particularly major depressive episodes. Clinical manifestations commonly involve hallucinations, delusions, and depressive symptoms such as low mood, reduced interest, sleep disturbance, decreased appetite, and suicidal ideation. The variability of presentation and the overlap between psychotic and affective symptoms may complicate both diagnostic assessment and therapeutic decision-making. This disorder is associated with significant functional impairment and an increased risk of suicide. We report a 22-year-old female who presented to the emergency department of a hospital in Jakarta with irritability, shouting, and aggressive speech, accompanied by auditory hallucinations described as whispering voices and visual hallucinations involving the image of her mother. Symptoms had been present for two months prior to admission and were associated with sleep disturbance, decreased appetite, weight loss, and suicidal ideation. Mental status examination revealed hypotymic mood, restricted affect, nonspontaneous speech, and the presence of both auditory and visual hallucinations. The patient was diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder, depressive type (F25.1). The patient was treated with a combination of risperidone, olanzapine, and sertraline to address both psychotic and depressive symptoms simultaneously. Although this approach is not considered first-line treatment in most clinical guidelines, it may be considered in selected cases with severe symptomatology and elevated suicide risk. The observed clinical improvement highlights the importance of individualized treatment planning, careful benefit–risk evaluation, and close monitoring of treatment response and tolerability.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wynne Pratiwi, Juniar Effendi, Anastasia Ratnawati Biromo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Romantis dan Penyesuaian Sekolah di Kalangan Siswa SMP: Studi Fenomenologis
Romantic relationships are one of the developments that start to emerge in early adolescence, including among junior high school students. Experiencing a romantic relationship can provide emotional support, boost self-confidence, and expand students' social skills. However, such relationships also have the potential to cause emotional conflicts that affect students' academic and social life at school. This study aims to explore the life experiences of junior high school students who are in romantic relationships and understand how these experiences influence their adjustment to school life. The study uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design. Participants consist of 12 junior high school students who have had at least three months of dating experience. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The results of the study are expected to show that romantic relationships are seen as a source of emotional support, a way to gain attention and social recognition, and a medium for learning about commitment and interpersonal communication. In addition, dating experiences affect school adjustment through changes in learning motivation, quality of relationships with peers, emotional management, and involvement in school activities. The research findings are expected to contribute to the development of guidance and counseling services that support adolescents' social-emotional development.
Copyright (c) 2026 Adinda Ery Larasati, Lucia Rini Sugiarti, Ira Kusumawaty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tinjauan Aspek Keamanan Informasi Data Pasien dalam Penerapan RME di RSUP dr. Sitanala
The implementation of EMR is part of the digital transformation of healthcare services aimed at improving service quality, efficiency, and accuracy of patient data management. However, this digitalization also poses challenges in maintaining the security of sensitive information, necessitating protection of data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This study aims to review the implementation of patient data information security aspects in the Electronic Medical Records (EMR) system at Dr. Sitanala General Hospital. This research employed a descriptive method with a qualitative approach, collecting data through observation and in-depth interviews with eight informants, including the head of medical records, doctors, nurses, the head of IT, and IT staff. The analysis focused on six aspects of information security: privacy, integrity, authentication, availability, access control, and non-repudiation. The findings indicate that information security within the EMR system has generally been implemented adequately, with privacy and access control ensured through individual user accounts and role-based access restrictions, integrity maintained by limiting data modification authority, authentication conducted via username and password-based login mechanisms, availability supported by system reliability and data backup processes, and non-repudiation ensured through user activity logs. Nevertheless, weaknesses were identified in the automatic log-out feature, which has not yet functioned optimally and may pose potential security risks, highlighting the need for continuous evaluation and improvement to strengthen patient data protection and maintain public trust in healthcare services.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sela abdiyana; Dina Sonia, Noerfitri, Bangga Agung Satrya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Gambaran Pengelolaan Obat di Puskesmas Oemasi Kabupaten Kupang
Drug management is an important component in ensuring the quality of health services at public health centres. Non-optimal implementation can cause problems such as stock shortage, excess drugs, and expired drugs. Based on the initial data, there is still a discrepancy between the needs and availability of drugs as well as obstacles in the storage and distribution of drugs at the Oemasi Health Centre. This research aims to describe the implementation of drug management which includes planning, procurement, receipt, storage, distribution, control, and drug destruction. This type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Informants are selected by purposive sampling which consists of 7 informants. Data collection is carried out through in-depth interviews, observations, and document studies. The data obtained is then processed through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, as well as analysed qualitatively with a thematic approach to identify patterns and problems in drug management. The research results show that drug management has been running but not yet optimised. Planning and procurement refer to previous data, but there is still a mismatch of needs. Storage has not met the standard due to limited facilities. Distribution is still manual and evaluation is not routine. Stock control is not optimal so there is a difference between physical stock and record. Expired drugs are still found due to administrative constraints. It is concluded that the drug management at the Oemasi Health Centre is not fully in accordance with standards, especially in the aspects of storage, distribution, control, and destruction. It is necessary to improve the recording system, improve infrastructure, and strengthen supervision so that drug management can run more effectively and efficiently.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jasmine Margareth Totos, Serlie K. A. Littik, Tanti Rahayu, Fransiskus G. Mado https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Kekuatan Otot Tungkai Bawah terhadap Stabilitas Fungsional pada Pelari Rekreasional
Running is a popular physical activity that provides various health benefits. Running requires good functional stability to maintain dynamic balance during movement. One of the factors that contributes to functional stability is lower limb muscle strength. Decreased lower limb muscle strength may affect postural control and increase the risk of stability impairment. This study aimed to determine the relationship between lower limb muscle strength and functional stability among recreational runners in Denpasar City. This study used a *cross-sectional* design. The sampling technique used was *purposive sampling* involving 46 recreational runners aged 18–30 years. Lower limb muscle strength was measured using a *leg dynamometer*, while functional stability was assessed using the *Modified Star Excursion Balance Test* (mSEBT). Data analysis was conducted using the Pearson correlation test. The results showed a significant relationship between lower limb muscle strength and functional stability with a p-value of 0.007 and a correlation coefficient of r = 0.391, indicating a positive correlation. It can be concluded that increased lower limb muscle strength is associated with improved functional stability. Recreational runners are advised to perform lower limb strengthening exercises regularly.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Komang Tri Utami Wulandari, I Putu Gde Surya Adhitya, Indah Pramita, I Putu Yudi Pramana Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Relationship Between Lower Limb Muscle Strength and Kyphosis Degree With Fall Risk in Elderly Women: a Cross-Sectional Study
The growing number of elderly individuals in Indonesia has led to an increased prevalence of physical function impairments, including reduced lower limb muscle strength and postural changes such as kyphosis, both of which are fall risk factors in elderly women. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on 60 elderly women (≥60 years) selected by purposive sampling from a population of 423 individuals. Lower limb muscle strength was measured using the Back and Leg Dynamometer, kyphosis degree using a flexicurve ruler, and fall risk using the Modified Indonesian Fall Risk Assessment Tool (M-IFRAT). Analysis was performed using Spearman correlation test. The mean respondent age was 67.63 years. The majority had very poor muscle strength (90.0%), 76.7% had normal posture, and 56.7% were classified as high fall risk. There was a significant relationship between lower limb muscle strength and fall risk (r = −0.618; p < 0.001) and between kyphosis degree and fall risk (r = 0.553; p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that both variables together explained 53.4% of fall risk variation (R² = 0.534). Higher lower limb muscle strength is associated with lower fall risk, while higher kyphosis degree is associated with greater fall risk. Physiotherapy interventions targeting lower limb muscle strengthening and postural correction are recommended as fall prevention strategies for elderly women.
Copyright (c) 2026 Komang Anna Yuki Adnyaswari, Govinda Vittala, Anak Agung Gede Angga Puspa Negara, Ni Luh Nopi Andayani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Determinan Timeliness Of Corporate Internet Reporting
This investigation endeavors to generate empirical substantiation pertaining to the effects of liquidity, firm dimensions, and profitability upon the promptness of corporate web-based reporting through utilization of statistical software SPSS paired with logistic regression methodology, implemented across transportation-sector enterprises registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, encompassing an analytical sample derived from 100 observations obtained from 25 companies throughout the 2022–2025 timeframe. The investigation's outcomes demonstrate that firm size and profitability have a significant and positive effect on the timeliness of corporate internet reporting, whereas the liquidity dimension fails to manifest a statistically consequential relationship in relation to the timeliness of corporate internet reporting.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rafie Akbar Sumarno, Muhammad Husni, Rizky Aldi Setianda, Haris Reza Fathony, M. Fahriyal Aldi, Kurniawan Harminsyah B, Ardi Kurniawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan antara Asupan Energi dan Asupan Lemak dengan Kejadian Obesitas pada Remaja di SMA Muhammadiyah Al-Kautsar PK Kartasura Kabupaten Sukoharjo
Obesity (>+2 SD) in adolescents due to long-term high energy and fat consumption risks disrupting growth and triggering cardiovascular diseases. This observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design aimed to determine the relationship between energy and fat intake and the incidence of obesity among adolescents at SMA Muhammadiyah Al-Kautsar PK Kartasura. From a population of 78 adolescents, a sample of 65 adolescents aged 16–18 years was selected. Obesity was measured using the BMI-for-age index, while dietary intake data were obtained through interviews using the SQ-FFQ questionnaire over the last 3 months. Data were analyzed using Fisher’s Exact Test. The results showed that 15 adolescents (23.1%) were obese, 15 adolescents (23.1%) had high energy intake, and 17 adolescents (26.2%) had high fat intake. There was a significant relationship between energy intake (p=0.000) and fat intake (p=0.000) with obesity. Adolescents with excessive energy and fat intake were 156 and 219 times more likely to experience obesity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Saifa Adiena Nusantoro, Anisa Sekar Widhi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Motivasi Kelompok Kesenian Sintren Sokoaji untuk Melaksanakan Pertunjukkan Keliling di Kabupaten Pekalongan
This study aims to describe the driving factors behind the Sintren Sanggar Sokoaji arts group's touring performances in Pekalongan Regency. The study employed a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The research location was at Sanggar Sokoaji, Pekalongan Regency, and involved 10 informants: the studio leader, dancers, musicians, shamans, and members of the group. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data validity was achieved through source and technical triangulation. Data analysis employed the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, encompassing data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the Sintren Sanggar Sokoaji arts group's touring performances are driven by four main factors: economic, cultural preservation, social, and efforts to maintain the group's existence. Economic factors relate to efforts to generate income to support studio operations and meet the needs of members. Cultural preservation factors arise from the group's desire to maintain the sustainability of Sintren art as a regional cultural heritage. Social factors relate to efforts to interact with the community while providing entertainment. Efforts to maintain the group's existence are realized through activities to introduce and maintain the Sanggar Sokoaji presence amidst the development of modern entertainment. Research findings indicate that cultural preservation is the most dominant factor driving the Sanggar Sokoaji Sintren arts group to tour in Pekalongan Regency.
Copyright (c) 2026 Indah Ningrum, Joko Wiyoso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Membaca Reog Ponorogo di Media Sosial: Analisis Resepsi Generasi Z terhadap Konten Instagram @Reyogchestra
This article analyzes Generation Z’s reception of Reog Ponorogo content on the Instagram account @Reyogchestra using Stuart Hall’s encoding/decoding model. The study adopts a qualitative approach within a constructivist paradigm. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with ten Generation Z informants aged 18–24, consisting of five followers and five non-followers of @Reyogchestra. The informants were exposed to three content stimuli: a video of a Reog performance in Taiwan, a large-scale national Reog performance video, and an infographic on various cultural traditions in Ponorogo. The data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis and Stuart Hall’s reception analysis to identify dominant-hegemonic, negotiated, and oppositional reading positions. The findings indicate that most informants occupy a dominant-hegemonic position in interpreting Reog as a proud, distinctive, and digitally relevant cultural identity. Negotiated readings mainly emerge in relation to the depth of educational information and the quality of content presentation, while oppositional readings are selective and limited to technical aspects of content production rather than rejection of Reog’s cultural values. The study reveals that Generation Z’s reception of digital cultural content is shaped by cultural nationalism framing, visual production quality, content format, and repeated exposure through the following mechanism. This article argues that the effectiveness of cultural communication on social media is determined not only by message content, but also by the aesthetic quality and strategic presentation of the message.
Copyright (c) 2026 Iqbal Aria Bima, Rocky Prasetyo Jati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Correlation Between Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Anemia in Patients With Congestive Heart Failure in dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital Banda Aceh
Congestive heart failure is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to meet the body’s needs. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), obtained from echocardiography, reflects the proportion of blood ejected by the left ventricle during each contraction. Anemia is defined as a reduced number of red blood cells or decreased oxygen-carrying capacity, resulting in inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues. It is a common comorbidity in heart failure and an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the correlation between LVEF and anemia in patients with congestive heart failure. This study employed an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional design. A total of 137 subjects were selected using consecutive sampling from medical records. Among the subjects, 63 (46.0%) had HFrEF, 21 (15.3%) HFmrEF, and 53 (38.7%) HFpEF. Anemia was found in 77 patients (56.2%), consisting of mild (57.1%), moderate (33.8%), and severe anemia (9.1%). Spearman correlation analysis showed a significant association between LVEF and anemia (p = 0.019). A significant correlation was found between LVEF and anemia in patients with congestive heart failure.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arief Yanda, Andra Dea Riskia, Azhari Gani, Zulfitri Zulfitri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Persepsi Mahasiswi Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Sam Ratulangi terhadap Vaksinasi Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers among women and a leading cause of death worldwide, including in Indonesia. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has been recommended, yet vaccination coverage remains very low. This study employs the Health Belief Model, which consists of perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action. This study aims to determine the perceptions of female students at the Faculty of Public Health, Sam Ratulangi regarding HPV vaccination, to determine HPV vaccination coverage among female students at the Faculty of Public Health, Sam Ratulangi University, and to identify whether there is a gap between intentions and HPV vaccination behavior. This study employed a descriptive quantitative cross-sectional method, with the subjects being 218 active female students from the 2025 cohort at the Faculty of Public Health, Sam Ratulangi University students. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire distributed via Google Forms.The study results showed that perceived vulnerability (59.2%), perceived severity (94.5%), perceived benefits (99.1%), perceived barriers (88.1%), and perceived cues to act (69.7%)—all in the positive category, with HPV vaccination coverage at only 0.9% and an 82.6% gap between intentions and HPV vaccination behavior. Positive perceptions of vulnerability, severity, and benefits result in strong intentions, but perceptions of barriers dominate, leading to low actual behavior.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eliana Dione Kristine Ladedu, Chreisye K. F. Mandagi, Febi K. Kolibu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Adsorpsi Zat Warna Remazol Brilliant Blue R dengan Adsorben Arang Aktif dari Kayu Kopi (Coffea sp.)
This study aims to evaluate the characteristics, adsorption efficiency, and parameters of adsorption isotherm of Remazol Brilliant Blue R dye using coffee wood activated charcoal. The adsorbent was synthesized through a manual charring process followed by chemical activation using CaCl2. Adsorbent characterization includes proximate analysis using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and surface morphology observation using Scanning Electron Microscope-EDX (SEM-EDX). The results of the proximate analysis showed volatile matter 31.223%, water content 12.21%, ash content 3.06%, total fixed carbon 53.50% and iodine number of 368.097 mg/g. Meanwhile, the activated charcoal CaCl2 has a volatile matter analysis result of 27.17%, water content of 19.90%, ash content of 11.66%, total fixed carbon of 41.28%, and iodine number of 387.1365 mg/g. The surface morphology of the activated charcoal with CaCl2, qualitatively has more cavities than the unactivated charcoal. Effective efficiency if carried out using activated charcoal with CaCl2 at a contact time of 105 minutes (%E = 28.5737), pH 4 (%E = 36.3948), and a concentration of 20 mg/L (%E = 31.8081). This absorption mechanism follows the Langmuir isotherm pattern.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bella Puja Prismalasari; I Nyoman Sukarta, Made Vivi Oviantari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC) Sebagai Gelling Agent Terhadap Karakteristik Fisik Sediaan Gel Facial Wash Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.)
Daun kelor mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang terbukti memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi, bermanfaat untuk melindungi kulit dari kerusakan akibat radikal bebas. Salah satu produk kosmetik yang sering digunakan untuk menjaga agar kulit wajah tetap bersih dan lembab yaitu facia Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera L.) contain flavonoid compounds with strong antioxidant activity that can help protect the skin from free radical damage. Facial wash is a cosmetic product commonly used to maintain facial skin cleanliness and moisture. Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC) is a thickening agent that can be utilized in gel facial wash formulations containing Moringa leaf extract. This study aimed to determine the effect of HEC concentration as a gelling agent on the characteristics of facial wash gel formulated with Moringa leaf extract. This laboratory experimental study formulated facial wash gels containing 3% Moringa leaf extract with three HEC concentrations: 2% (F1), 3% (F2), and 4% (F3). The formulations were evaluated for organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, foam height, viscosity, and syneresis. Irritation and hedonic tests were conducted on 18 respondents. Data were analyzed using SPSS through normality, homogeneity, One-Way ANOVA, and Post Hoc tests. The results showed that variations in HEC concentration significantly affected the physical characteristics of the facial wash gel (p<0.05). Increasing HEC concentration increased pH, viscosity, and adhesion, while decreasing spreadability, foam height, and syneresis. Based on the physical evaluation, F2 (HEC 3%) exhibited the most optimal balance of viscosity, spreadability, and adhesion. However, the hedonic test indicated that F1 (HEC 2%) was the most preferred formulation among respondents. l wash. Daun kelor dapat dikembangkan dalam suatu formulasi sediaan gel facial wash dengan menggunakan gelling agent seperti Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh konsentrasi Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC) sebagai gelling agent terhadap karakteristik sediaan gel facial wash yang mengandung ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.). Metode penelitiaan yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratorium. Formulasi gel facial wash dibuat dengan 3 variasi konsentrasi HEC 2%, 3%, dan 4%, lalu diuji karakteristik fisiknya melipu uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, daya lekat, tinggi busa, viskositas dan sineresis. Uji iritasi dan hedonik dilakukan pada 18 responden. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS (Statistical Product Services Solution) dengan melakukan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, One Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) dan Post Hoc. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi konsentrasi Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC) 2%, 3%, dan 4% berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik fisik gel facial wash ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) (p<0,05). Peningkatan konsentrasi HEC menyebabkan pH, viskositas, dan daya lekat meningkat, sedangkan daya sebar, tinggi busa, dan sineresis menurun. Berdasarkan uji karakteristik fisik, formulasi dengan konsentrasi HEC 3% (F2) memberikan hasil terbaik karena menunjukkan keseimbangan optimal antara viskositas, daya sebar, dan daya lekat serta memenuhi seluruh persyaratan mutu sediaan. Namun, hasil uji hedonik menunjukkan bahwa formulasi F1 (HEC 2%) memiliki tingkat kesukaan tertinggi dibandingkan formulasi lainnya.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dela Munika Sari, Hasriyani Hasriyani, Bintari Tri Sukoharjanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Matematika Dalam Al-Qur'an: Belajar Sambil Tafakkur?
This study aims to explore and uncover hidden mathematical patterns and phenomena in the structure of the Qur'ān, which have often only been understood from the spiritual and legal dimensions. Using a qualitative approach and textual analysis of the Qur'ān, the researcher analyzed the word order, frequency of occurrence, and relationships between verses. The analysis was carried out on the balance of the words "world" and "hereafter", the proportion of "sea" and "land", and the phenomenon of the number 19. As a result, the research identified various numerical harmonies and proportions, which not only confirm the uniqueness of the Qur'ān as a linguistic miracle, but also as a source of inspiration for scientific and mathematical thinking. Furthermore, the findings emphasize the importance of the concept of "tafakkur" as a bridge connecting faith with rationality, encouraging readers from various backgrounds of academics, students, scholars, and the general public to appreciate the scientific dimensions of the Qur'ān in order to deepen faith and spark continued intellectual exploration.
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Imamuddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Rancang Bangun Sistem Penyewaan Sarana dan Prasarana Olahraga Berbasis Web pada Dinas Pendidikan, Kepemudaan dan Olahraga Kabupaten Kudus
The Kudus Regency Education and Sports Office is responsible for managing the local government's sports facilities and infrastructure, which can also be utilized by the public through a rental system. In addition to being used for government activities, these facilities are rented to companies, organizations, and the general public as a source of increasing regional revenue. Currently, the rental process is still carried out manually, starting from checking availability, submitting applications, to direct payments, which are quite time-consuming and inefficient. This problem has prompted the need to develop a web-based rental information system that can simplify the service process. This system was built using the Waterfall software development method with the Laravel Livewire framework and supported by system design using flowcharts, use case diagrams, activity diagrams, and class diagrams. The implementation of this system is expected to improve ease of service access, accelerate the rental process, and increase the effectiveness of sports facility management. Thus, the utilization of local government sports facilities can be more optimal and contribute to increasing local revenue and economic growth in Kudus Regency. The development of this system is also expected to increase transparency, data accuracy, and minimize errors in the administrative process of sports facility rentals within the Kudus Regency Education and Sports Office. This system is integrated and effective in a modern digital manner. Keywords: information system, facility rental, Laravel Livewire, Waterfall, website.
Copyright (c) 2026 Syahrul Mahendra Saputra, Ahmad Jazuli https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Koordinasi Mata Tangan dan Stabilitas Bahu terhadap Akurasi Memanah Di Kota Denpasar
Archery is a precision sport that requires high levels of accuracy, consistency, and movement control. Archery accuracy is influenced by physical and neuromuscular components, including hand-eye coordination and shoulder stability. This study aimed to determine the relationship between hand-eye coordination and shoulder stability with archery accuracy among archery athletes in Denpasar City. This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects were 55 archery athletes selected using purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Archery accuracy was measured using a standard target scoring system at a distance of 30 meters, hand-eye coordination was measured using the Alternate Hand Wall Toss Test, and shoulder stability was measured using the Upper-Quarter Y-Balance Test on the bow-arm and draw-arm shoulders. Data were analyzed using Spearman rho. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between hand-eye coordination and archery accuracy (r = 0.348; p = 0.009). Bow-arm shoulder stability was also significantly related to archery accuracy (r = 0.556; p = 0.000), as was draw-arm shoulder stability (r = 0.516; p = 0.000). This study concludes that hand-eye coordination and shoulder stability are significantly related to archery accuracy among archery athletes in Denpasar City.
Copyright (c) 2026 I Kadek Pradnya Deva, Ni Luh Nopi Andayani, I Gusti Ayu Artini, Ari Wibawa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Antara Kemandirian dan Keterasingan: Studi Fenomenologi Pengalaman Mahasiswa Menggunakan Ai Chatbot sebagai Media Pembelajaran
The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed the ways university students access information, understand academic content, and complete learning tasks. This study explores university students’ experiences of using AI chatbots in learning, focusing on the tension between independent learning and academic alienation. Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach, the study involved nine students from diverse academic disciplines and higher education institutions in Indonesia. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that AI chatbots function as accessible learning companions that support independent learning by providing immediate explanations, personalized feedback, academic guidance, and flexible access to information. Participants reported increased confidence, greater autonomy in learning, and improved efficiency in completing academic tasks. However, the findings also reveal a contrasting experience. Frequent reliance on AI encouraged shortcut-oriented learning practices, reduced engagement in deeper cognitive processes, and contributed to feelings of disconnection from learning activities, academic effort, and personal understanding. These experiences reflect a tension between the benefits of independent learning and the risk of academic alienation. Drawing on perspectives from educational psychology, educational technology, and higher education studies, this research highlights the dual role of AI chatbots in contemporary learning environments. The study emphasizes the importance of reflective and responsible AI use to ensure that technological support enhances, rather than diminishes, meaningful learning experiences.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nanda Puspita Aprianingrum, Rini Sugiarti, Ira Kusumawaty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pola Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Demam Tifoid di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rsud Waled Tahun 2023
Typhoid fever remains a significant public health problem in developing countries, including Indonesia, with high morbidity rates. Antibiotics are the main therapy for typhoid fever; however, irrational use may lead to antimicrobial resistance, increased treatment costs, and adverse effects. Therefore, evaluating the pattern of antibiotic use is essential to ensure rational therapy and improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to determine the pattern of antibiotic use among typhoid fever patients in the inpatient installation of RSUD Waled in 2023.This study employed a descriptive observational design with a retrospective approach using medical record data. A total sampling technique was applied, resulting in 88 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Variables observed included patient characteristics, types of antibiotics, dosage forms, duration of use, side effects, and allergic responses.The results showed that all patients were confirmed cases (100%), with the majority aged 6–11 years (40.9%) and predominantly male (51.1%). Most patients used BPJS health insurance (96.6%). Cephalosporins were the most frequently prescribed antibiotics (88.6%), mainly administered in parenteral form (77.3%). All patients received antibiotic therapy with appropriate duration according to guidelines (100%), and no side effects or allergic reactions were reported (100%). In conclusion, the pattern of antibiotic use in typhoid fever patients at RSUD Waled in 2023 was consistent with clinical guidelines, dominated by cephalosporin use, and showed no adverse effects or allergic reactions. These findings are important to support rational antibiotic use and to prevent the development of antimicrobial resistance.*
Copyright (c) 2026 Bagas Dharma Utama, Sri Marfuati, Rama Samara Brajawikalpa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Potensi Antibakteri Mouthwash Ekstrak Daun Rambutan (Nephelium Lappaceum L.) Hasil Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) dengan Metode Difusi Sumuran terhadap Streptococcus Mutans ATCC 25175
lappaceum leaves (Nephelium lappaceum L.) possess antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant, properties due to the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, and terpenoids. This study aimed to formulate a mouthwash preparation from rambutan leaf extract and avaluate is antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans, in the process of extracting rambutan leaves using 70% ethanol with the UAE method (Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction), rambutan leaf extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening examinations that include flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, and terpenoids. The type of research conducted was experimental in the laboratory with the formulation of rambutan leaf extract (Nephelium lappaceum L) in mouthwash preparations using a concentration of 5% for F1, 10% for F2 and 15% for F3, the mouthwash preparations were subjected to physicochemical tests including organoleptic tests of pH, homogeneity, specific gravity, and viscosity. Antibacterial activity testing was carried out using the well diffusion method. The results of the research on the mouthwash formulation from rambutan leaf extract showed good physical organoleptic quality, pH, homogeneity, specific gravity, and viscosity of the preparation. In testing the antibacterial activity of the mouthwash preparation, the inhibition zone value at F0 did not have an inhibition zone; F1 6.92 (moderate) mm; F2 8.83 (moderate) mm; F3 11.00 mm (strong); and positive control 22.73 mm (strong), these results indicate that the higher the extract, the higher the inhibition zone produced.
Copyright (c) 2026 Faza Rusyda, Riana Putri Rahmawati, Muhammad Nurul Fadel https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Morfologi Otot Peroneus dan Stabilitas Fungsional dengan Fungsi Ankle dan Kejadian Ankle Sprain pada Olahragawan
Ankle injuries, particularly ankle sprains, are among the most common injuries in athletes due to high physical activity and biomechanical stress on the ankle joint. Functional stability plays a crucial role in maintaining movement control and balance, and is therefore considered a key factor influencing ankle function and injury risk. This study aimed to determine the relationship between functional stability, ankle function, and the incidence of ankle sprain in athletes. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 75 athletes aged 15–22 years selected through purposive sampling. Functional stability was assessed using the Y-Balance Test (YBT), ankle function using the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS), and ankle sprain incidence through an injury history questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho test and logistic regression. Significant correlations were found between functional stability and ankle function, particularly in pain and symptom domains (p < 0.05). Additionally, a significant negative correlation was observed between functional stability and ankle sprain incidence (p < 0.05), indicating that better functional stability is associated with a lower risk of injury. Functional stability plays an important role in improving ankle function and reducing the risk of ankle sprain in athletes.Balance training and neuromuscular control exercises are recommended, along with routine screening using the Y-Balance Test for injury prevention.
Copyright (c) 2026 Githa Sugiarta Indraswari, I Putu Gde Surya Adhitya, Indah Pramita, I Putu Yudi Pramana Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Durasi Cross-Legged Sitting (CLS) dengan Gejala Nyeri Panggul pada Mahasiswi Fisioterapi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana
Unergonomic sitting positions, especially cross-legged sitting (CLS), are often maintained by female students in academic activities and have the potential to cause musculoskeletal complaints such as pelvic pain. This study aims to analyze the relationship between CLS duration and pelvic pain symptoms in female physiotherapy students. This study used an observational cross-sectional analytical design with 100 respondents aged 18–22 years old selected based on inclusion criteria. Data regarding CLS habits and pelvic pain symptoms were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using Spearman's correlation test. The results showed that the majority of respondents sat CLS for less than 15 minutes, some for 15–30 minutes, and a little more than 30 minutes, with pelvic pain complaints varying from mild to moderate categories. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between CLS duration and pelvic pain (p < 0.001; ρ = 0.543), with moderate strength and positive direction. There is a significant relationship between CLS duration and pelvic pain, indicating that the longer the CLS position is maintained, the greater the tendency to experience pelvic pain symptoms.
Copyright (c) 2026 Victoria Putri Jegaut, Gede Parta Kinandana, Ni Luh Putu Gita Karunia Saraswati, Sayu Aryantari Putri Thanaya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Evaluasi Dose Volume Histogram pada Perencanaan Simultaneous Integrated Boost IMRT Karsinoma Nasofaring Pediatrik: Laporan Kasus
Pediatric nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare case that requires special attention in radiotherapy planning due to the high risk of long-term side effects on developing tissues. Simultaneous Integrated Boost Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (SIB-IMRT) enables simultaneous dose delivery to multiple target volumes according to clinical risk levels. This study aimed to evaluate dose distribution based on Dose Volume Histogram (DVH) parameters and Patient-Specific Quality Assurance (PSQA) results in SIB-IMRT planning for a pediatric NPC patient. This study was a case report using a descriptive dosimetric evaluation approach. Data were obtained from the Treatment Planning System, including DVH parameters for target volumes (PTV70, PTV60, and PTV54), organ at risk (OAR) dose parameters, and PSQA results using the Portal Dosimetry method. The evaluation showed that PTV70 fulfilled the dose coverage criteria based on ICRU Report 83, whereas PTV60 and PTV54 did not achieve optimal coverage, indicating a dosimetric compromise during treatment plan optimization. All OAR doses remained within tolerance limits according to the CORSAIR guideline. PSQA evaluation demonstrated a gamma passing rate of 99.8% using 3%/2 mm criteria with a 10% dose threshold. SIB-IMRT in this case demonstrated a balance between high-risk target prioritization, OAR protection, and dose delivery accuracy.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mariska Salsabila, Km Agus Bima Sakti, I Putu Andreana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Peer Teaching terhadap Pengetahuan Remaja mengenai Personal Hygiene Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Penyakit Skabies di Pondok Pesantren Al-Hayatul Islamiyyah Kedungkandang Kota Malang
Scabies is a health problem that affects approximately 6%–27% of children and adolescents. This disease is caused by an infestation of the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, which is transmitted through skin contact and often occurs in crowded environments such as Islamic boarding schools. According to the World Health Organization, scabies remains a global health problem with millions of cases each year. Prevention of this disease is closely related to personal hygiene behavior. However, adolescents' low knowledge of personal hygiene is a risk factor for increasing scabies cases. Therefore, effective educational methods are needed. To improve adolescent knowledge, a peer teaching method involving peer interaction is used. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of peer teaching on adolescent knowledge about personal hygiene as a scabies prevention method at the Al-Hayatul Islamiyah Islamic Boarding School. The research method used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design and a pretest-posttest with control group design. A sample of 92 adolescents was divided into treatment and control groups. Data were collected using questionnaires before and after the intervention. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test because the data were not normally distributed. The results showed a p-value of 0.000 in the treatment group and a p-value of 0.001 in the control group, indicating that both groups experienced an increase in knowledge. However, the increase in the peer teaching group was more significant than in the lecture method. This indicates that the peer teaching method is more effective in increasing adolescent knowledge. Therefore, this method can be used as an alternative health education method in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren). It is hoped that adolescents will be able to improve their personal hygiene practices in their daily lives.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Addini Najichatul Abida, Dimas Dwi Yoga, Handy Lala https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Sistem Monitoring PH Pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Berbasis IoT
This study presents the design of a soil pH monitoring system for oil palm plants integrated with Internet of Things (IoT) technology for real-time monitoring of soil conditions. The system consists of a soil pH sensor, a NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller, and a monitoring platform for data visualization. Testing was conducted on several soil samples to evaluate the performance of the system in measuring and transmitting pH data. The results show that the system is capable of monitoring soil pH accurately and continuously in real time. The monitoring platform successfully displays pH data, allowing users to observe soil conditions remotely and efficiently. The results indicate that the proposed system works effectively and can support better soil management practices for oil palm cultivation.
Copyright (c) 2026 M Yusuf Nurul Yakin, Jefri Lianda, Adam Adam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Pengguna Lensa Kontak Lunak Bulanan di Optik X Daerah Mall Bintaro Xchange
efractive disorders such as myopia, hypermetropia, and astigmatism are still the leading causes of sharp visual impairment in the productive age population worldwide. Refractive correction efforts can be made using glasses or contact lenses. As optical technologydevelops, contact lenses are increasingly in demand because they provide a wider field of view, reduce peripheral distortion, are lessprone to fog, and provide a more aesthetically pleasing look. In addition to optical functions, the use of contact lenses is also closelyrelated to psychosocial factors, such as increased self-confidence, comfort during exercise, and ease in daily activities, making it apopular choice among adolescents and young adults. The use of contact lenses can be a barrier to the diffusion of oxygen to the surfaceof the cornea. If the oxygen supply is insufficient, corneal hypoxia can occur which triggers edema, neovascularization, and decreasedcorneal sensitivity. The purpose of this study is to systematically analyze user characteristics, monthly soft contact lens usage patternsand the type of materials and treatment fluids used. The method used in this study uses a quantitative approach with descriptiveanalysis. The conclusion of this study shows that monthly soft contact lens users use contact lenses for more than hours of use which isnot in accordance with the procedure. The lack of user understanding of the benefits of soft contact lens materials that are appropriatefor the hours of use, as well as the maintenance fluids are less known to contact lens users.
Copyright (c) 2026 Martina Ariyani, Fiandhika Ekaputra, Supriyati Supriyati, Taufik Hadi, Darmono Darmono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Etika Kecerdasan Buatan dalam Pelayanan Publik: Menyeimbangkan Efisiensi dan Akuntabilitas
Perkembangan kecerdasan buatan (artificial intelligence / AI) telah mendorong transformasi signifikan dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik, terutama dalam meningkatkan efisiensi, kecepatan, dan akurasi layanan. Namun, penggunaan AI juga menimbulkan berbagai persoalan etis yang berkaitan dengan akuntabilitas, transparansi, dan keadilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dilema etika dalam implementasi AI pada pelayanan publik, khususnya dalam menyeimbangkan efisiensi dan akuntabilitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi literatur yang diperkaya melalui observasi fenomenologis. Data diperoleh dari artikel ilmiah, laporan kebijakan, dan dokumen resmi yang relevan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun AI mampu meningkatkan efisiensi pelayanan publik secara signifikan, penggunaannya berpotensi menimbulkan kesenjangan akuntabilitas, keterbatasan transparansi akibat sistem black box, serta bias algoritmik yang berdampak pada ketidakadilan layanan. Selain itu, otomatisasi layanan juga berimplikasi pada berkurangnya dimensi empati dalam interaksi pelayanan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kerangka etika yang komprehensif guna memastikan bahwa implementasi AI tetap selaras dengan prinsip keadilan, transparansi, dan tanggung jawab publik. Kata Kunci : Kecerdasan Buatan; Pelayanan Publik; Etika; Akuntabilitas; Bias Algoritma
Copyright (c) 2026 Pipit Afrianti, Santi Rande, Suci Fitrah Syari, Ayu Dewi Mayasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Litterature Review: Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Anemia Defisiensi Besi Pada Ibu Hamil di Indonesia
A mother’s nutritional status before and during pregnancy plays an essential role in supporting fetal growth. Malnutrition during pregnancy can lead to anemia, which is a global public health issue with far-reaching consequences for individuals and socioeconomic development. This literature review aims to examine the factors contributing to iron-deficiency anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia based on research publications from the past five years. The research method employed involved a review of relevant articles from national and international journals published between 2020 and 2025, using narrative analysis to identify dominant risk factor patterns. The review results indicate that the primary risk factors include the mother’s age at risk, parity, adherence to iron tablet intake, gestational age, and the frequency of antenatal care visits. The conclusion confirms that sociodemographic factors (knowledge, education, income, age at marriage), obstetric factors (parity, inter-pregnancy interval), nutritional status (chronic energy deficiency), and health behaviors (adherence to iron tablet intake) have a significant association with hemoglobin levels and the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Muslim, Masita Fujiko, Fitriya Idrus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Gambaran Posisi Duduk dan Derajat Fungsional Pasien Low Back Pain di Poliklinik Saraf Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Waled
Low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder that may cause limitations in functional activities. One of the risk factors associated with LBP is prolonged non-ergonomic sitting posture. This study aimed to describe sitting position and functional degree among patients with low back pain at the Neurology Polyclinic of Waled Regional General Hospital. This study used a descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of all low back pain patients visiting the Neurology Polyclinic of RSUD Waled from May to July 2024. A total of 57 respondents were selected using the total sampling method. The variables studied were sitting position and functional degree of low back pain. Data were collected using a sitting position questionnaire and the Back Pain Functional Scale (BPFS) instrument. Data analysis was performed using univariate analysis with frequency distribution, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Most respondents were male, accounting for 32 patients (56.1%), with the highest age group being late adulthood 37–45 years consisting of 20 patients (35.8%). The most common sitting position was slightly bent posture in 17 respondents (29.8%), followed by leaning and upright sitting positions in 15 respondents each (26.3%), and hunched posture in 10 respondents (17.5%). The mean BPFS score was 42 ± 13.91, indicating that most patients had a good functional ability category. Slightly bent sitting posture was the most common sitting position found among low back pain patients at the Neurology Polyclinic of RSUD Waled. The functional degree based on BPFS demonstrated that the majority of patients still had relatively good functional ability.
Copyright (c) 2026 Salman Mursyidan Baldan, Moch Irwansyah Dharmansyahi, Kati Sriwiyati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Beyond The Red Eye: Rational Clinical Management And Antibiotic Stewardship In Pediatric Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis At Primary Care Level
Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is one of the most common ocular conditions encountered in pediatric primary healthcare services. The disease is characterized by inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by bacterial infection and may lead to discomfort, temporary visual disturbance, and increased transmission risk among household contacts and school-aged children. Although many cases are self-limiting, prompt diagnosis and appropriate management remain important to accelerate clinical recovery and reduce unnecessary antibiotic exposure. This paper aims to discuss the clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and follow-up outcomes of pediatric acute bacterial conjunctivitis in a community health center while emphasizing the importance of antibiotic stewardship in primary care practice. Clinically, bacterial conjunctivitis commonly presents with conjunctival hyperemia, mucopurulent discharge, eyelid sticking upon waking, and mild ocular irritation. Diagnosis is primarily established through history taking and ophthalmologic examination, including visual acuity assessment and anterior segment evaluation to exclude corneal involvement or other serious ocular conditions. Management includes topical antibiotic therapy, hygiene education, and monitoring for clinical improvement. In this case, significant improvement was observed after treatment, demonstrated by resolution of conjunctival injection and disappearance of ocular discharge during follow-up evaluation. Early clinical recognition and rational antibiotic use are essential to optimize patient outcomes while minimizing antimicrobial resistance in primary healthcare settings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lalu Hermawan Ranova https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak n-Heksana, Etil Asetat dan Etanol Kulit Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Salmonella typhi ATCC 6539
Salmonella typhi is the causative agent of typhoid fever and remains a major public health problem in developing countries. Irrational use of antibiotics may lead to bacterial resistance, thus alternative herbal therapies are needed. Red onion peel (Allium cepa L.) contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins that potentially exhibit antibacterial activity. This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial activity of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts of red onion peel against the growth of Salmonella typhi ATCC 6539.This study was an in vitro laboratory experimental study using a post-test only control group design. The population consisted of Salmonella typhi ATCC 6539 bacteria, while the samples were pure bacterial cultures grown on Salmonella Shigella Agar (SSA). Samples were obtained using a simple random sampling technique. The study consisted of 14 groups, including positive control (0.1% chloramphenicol), negative control (10% DMSO), and treatment groups of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts at concentrations of 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. Data were collected using the well diffusion method by measuring inhibition zones with a caliper. Data analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test followed by One-Way ANOVA and Post Hoc Bonferroni test.Phytochemical screening showed that ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts contained flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins, whereas the n-hexane extract only contained alkaloids and saponins. The 100% ethyl acetate extract produced the largest mean inhibition zone of 9.17 mm, while the 40% concentration produced the smallest mean inhibition zone of 6.53 mm. The 100% ethanol extract produced a mean inhibition zone of 8.58 mm, while the 40% concentration produced 6.77 mm. The n-hexane extract showed no inhibition zone at all concentrations. One-Way ANOVA analysis demonstrated significant differences among treatment groups (p<0.05).Ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of red onion peel (Allium cepa L.) exhibited antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi ATCC 6539 with moderate inhibitory strength, while the n-hexane extract showed no antibacterial activity. The 100% ethyl acetate extract was the most effective treatment in inhibiting bacterial growth.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ferdiansyah Hakim, Hikmah Fitriani, Amanah Amanah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Perilaku PSN terhadap Insiden DBD di Wilayah Jawa Barat : Data SKI 2023
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains an endemic disease with a significant impact on public health in West Java, particularly in densely populated areas. Mosquito breeding prevention (PSN) behaviors such as 3M Plus are essential to interrupt dengue virus transmission caused by Aedes aegypti, yet their implementation is often inconsistent and not comprehensive. This condition allows vectors to breed and increases the risk of transmission. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between PSN behavior and the incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in West Java. This study used data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey with a cross-sectional design. A total of 49,271 individuals in West Java were included. The dependent variable was DHF incidence, while independent variables included larvicide use, mosquito screen installation, draining water containers, covering water containers, and eliminating discarded items. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods with logistic regression at p<0.05. The results showed that larvicide use (OR=1.40; 95% CI=1.01–1.93; p=0.040), mosquito screens (OR=1.59; 95% CI=1.24–2.02; p=0.000), covering water containers (OR=1.51; 95% CI=1.19–1.90; p=0.001), and eliminating discarded items (OR=1.53; 95% CI=1.21–1.93; p=0.000) were significantly associated with DHF incidence. Meanwhile, draining water containers was not significantly associated (OR=1.21; 95% CI=0.92–1.58; p=0.158). In conclusion, several PSN
Copyright (c) 2026 Alifia Nadhimah Putri, Ahmad Daffa’ Aushof, Suci Ratu Masyeni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tekanan Normal Hidosefalus Pada Pasien Usia Lanjut: Sebuah Laporan Kasus
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a potentially reversible cause of gait disturbance, cognitive decline, and urinary incontinence in the elderly population. Diagnosis is often delayed because its clinical manifestations overlap with normal aging and other neurodegenerative disorders, making early recognition crucial for identifying candidates for shunt therapy. We report the case of an 81-year-old woman who presented with chronic dizziness accompanied by a sensation of unsteadiness while walking, a history of recurrent falls, urinary incontinence, and mild cognitive decline. Neurological examination revealed gait disturbance with a positive tandem gait test and a positive sharpened Romberg test. Cognitive assessment showed a Mini Mental State Examination score of 28, with evidence of executive dysfunction on the clock drawing test. Non-contrast cranial CT scan demonstrated ventriculomegaly with cerebral atrophy and extensive degenerative white matter changes, without intracranial hemorrhage. Based on the clinical and radiological findings, the patient was suspected to have idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and was referred for further evaluation and consideration of shunt surgery. The findings in this case are consistent with the typical clinical presentation and pathophysiological features of idiopathic NPH. Recent evidence indicates that shunt procedures, particularly ventriculoperitoneal and lumboperitoneal shunts, can provide meaningful clinical improvement with an acceptable safety profile in carefully selected patients. Early recognition of the characteristic features of NPH and accurate correlation between clinical manifestations and neuroimaging findings are essential for identifying appropriate candidates for shunt therapy and preventing progressive disability in elderly patients.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ashira Graciana, Irawaty Hawari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Formulasi dan Uji Iritasi Sediaan Body Scrub dari Ekstrak Pegagan (Centella Asiatica) dengan Penambahan Scrubber Cangkang Telur Ayam
Centella asiatica is known to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and skin regeneration activities. The use of natural ingredients in cosmetic formulations has gained increasing attention, including the utilization of chicken eggshell waste, which is rich in calcium carbonate, as an environmentally friendly scrubber alternative to microplastics. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a body scrub preparation containing Centella asiatica extract at concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% combined with chicken eggshell powder as a scrubber agent. The evaluation included physical quality tests consisting of organoleptic properties, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, and spreadability, as well as irritation and hedonic tests on panelist. Data analysis was performed using normality tests (Shapiro–Wilk) and homogeneity of variance tests (Levene or Bartlett), followed by One-Way ANOVA and post hoc analysis. The irritation test was conducted using the open patch method for 5 minutes to observe the presence or absence of irritation reactions. Hedonic testing was carried out using questionnaires assessing aroma, color, and texture preferences. The results showed that Centella asiatica extract contained flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. All formulations (F0, F1, F2, and F3) met the physical quality requirements for body scrub preparations, including organoleptic properties, homogeneity, viscosity, and spreadability. The irritation test demonstrated that all formulations were non-irritating and safe for skin application. The hedonic test indicated that the most preferred formulation by the panelists was F1 containing 1% Centella asiatica extract.
Copyright (c) 2026 Niken Maya Suryani, Hasriyani Hasriyani, Bintari Tri Sukoharjanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Keefektifan Pembelajaran Menulis Cerpen dengan Model Project Based Learning dan Model Sinektik yang Bermuatan Nilai-Nilai Anti-Bullying bagi Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Semarang
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of teaching short story writing using the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model and the Synectics model, both of which incorporate anti-bullying values, and to compare the effectiveness of the two. The study employed a quantitative approach using a nonequivalent control group design with eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 8 Semarang, with two classes as the sample: Class VIII A (PjBL) and Class VIII B (Synectics). Data were collected through pretests, posttests, and observations, then analyzed using normality tests, homogeneity tests, Paired Sample t-tests, N-Gain, and Independent Sample t-tests. The results showed that the average N-Gain score for the PjBL model was 59.17% and for the Synectics model was 61.50%, both falling into the moderate category (moderately effective). The Independent Sample t-test showed no significant difference between the two models (Sig. 0.661 > 0.05), although the Synectic model was slightly superior by a margin of 2.33%. Thus, both learning models are equally effective and have comparable levels of effectiveness; however, the Synectics learning model outperforms the PjBL model in terms of N-gain percentage for teaching short story writing with anti-bullying themes
Copyright (c) 2026 Dian Nugraheni, Zuliyanti Zuliyanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Wasting dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Tarus Tahun 2026
Nutritional issues in toddlers, particularly wasting and stunting, remain a public health challenge due to their impact on child growth and development. Wasting, a form of acute malnutrition, is suspected to be a risk factor for chronic stunting. This study aims to analyze the relationship between nutritional status (wasting) and the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the Tarus Community Health Center (UPTD) work area in 2026. This study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The data used were secondary data from the e-PPGBM application, with a sample of 472 toddlers drawn using a total sampling technique. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate methods using the Chi-square test with a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The results showed that the prevalence of stunting was 8.7% and wasting was 9.5%. The proportion of stunting was higher in toddlers with wasting (24.4%) compared to those without wasting (7.0%). The Chi-square test results showed a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between wasting nutritional status and stunting in toddlers. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between wasting and stunting, with wasting being a risk factor for stunting. Therefore, early detection and optimal management of wasting are needed as a strategy for stunting prevention through integrated nutritional interventions at the primary health care level.
Copyright (c) 2026 Marthin Dethan, Intje Picauly https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementasi Kegiatan Muhadharah dalam Meningkatkan Nilai-Nilai Keislaman di MTS Al Asyhar Sungonlegowo
Theoretical Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in classrooms has limitations in fully internalizing Islamic character values in students. Muhadhoroh activities serve as an applicative, habit-based solution to train psychological state, communication skills, and plant religious values simultaneously. This study aims to describe the planning, implementation, and evaluation processes of muhadhoroh activities, and analyze its role in enhancing students' values of aqidah, ibadah, and akhlak at MTs Al Asyhar Sungonlegowo. A qualitative approach with a descriptive method is applied in this research. The primary subjects include the headmaster, supervising teachers, and students. Data are gathered through non-participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation techniques. The data analysis utilizes an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The conceptual projection of this research proposal indicates that the transaction and trans-internalization stages of values within muhadhoroh are projected to foster discipline, responsibility, and strengthen students' Islamic character in daily life.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kharis Abdul Rozzaq, Moh. Syafi’i https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Perbandingan Kemampuan Problem Solving pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun Antara Stimulasi Bermain Terstruktur dan Bermain Bebas di Kota Denpasar
Problem-solving ability is a part of cognitive development that plays an important role in children’s ability to think, understand, and solve simple problems according to their developmental stage. Technological advancement has led to increased gadget use among early childhood children, which may reduce play activities and potentially result in suboptimal cognitive development, including problem-solving abilities. Children aged 4–5 years are in the early preschool phase, a crucial period in development, where appropriate play stimulation is needed to support cognitive growth. Structured play stimulation provides goal-directed activities aligned with developmental objectives, while free play allows children to explore independently. Objective: This study aimed to compare problem-solving abilities among children aged 4–5 years who received structured play stimulation and those who engaged in free play activities in Denpasar City. Methods: This study used an analytical observational design with a comparative cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 140 children aged 4–5 years divided into two groups using purposive sampling technique. Problem-solving ability was measured using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3 (ASQ-3) problem-solving domain, while the Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS) was used as a control variable. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney U test. Results: A significant difference in problem-solving ability was found between the structured play group and the free play group (p=0.003), with the structured play group showing a higher mean rank (78.69) compared to the free play group (62.31). Conclusion: There was a significant difference in problem-solving ability among children aged 4–5 years between the structured play group and the free play group. Structured play stimulation demonstrated better outcomes in supporting problem-solving abilities among preschool-aged children.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sindy Firdaus, I Gede Eka Juli Prasana, Indah Pramita, Sayu Aryantari Putri Thanaya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Kepatuhan Pengobatan Tuberkulosis pada Peserta JKN di FKTP Provinsi Jawa Tengah Tahun 2024 (Berdasarkan Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan Tahun 2025)
The tuberculosis treatment success rate in Central Java reached 85.9% in 2024. This figure represents a decrease from the 2023 rate of 87.8% and has not yet met the 2025–2029 strategic plan target of 90%. TB patients can achieve a full recovery if they undergo regular treatment for 6 months. Adherence to TB treatment is crucial to achieving treatment success, controlling transmission, and preventing drug resistance. This study aims to analyze and describe the determinants of TB treatment adherence at FKTP among JKN participants in Jawa Tengah in 2024 based on 2025 BPJS Kesehatan sample data. This study employed an analytical observational design with a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional design utilizing secondary data from the 2025 tuberculosis contextual BPJS Kesehatan sample data. The sample was selected using total sampling adjusted according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in a sample size of 240 participants with outpatient treatment outcomes. The result of study found that 64.6% of participants adhered to TB treatment. The proportion of TB treatment utilization FKTP in Jawa Tengah with outpatient treatment outcomes was dominated by adult participants, males, the PBI segment, active participants, Class III patients, participants residing in regency areas, and participants diagnosed with pulmonary TB. The results of the chi-square test showed that participant segmentation is a variable associated with TB treatment adherence, with a p-value of 0.015. These findings underscore the importance of further policies and interventions to improve TB treatment adherence among non-PBI participants.
Copyright (c) 2026 Syela Ayunda Natasya, Fitri Indrawati, Intan Zainafree https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Literature Review : Hubungan antara Kejadian Hiperurisemia pada Pasien Congestive Heart Failure
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a progressive clinical syndrome associated with high morbidity and mortality. Hyperuricemia has been suggested to contribute to the development and progression of CHF through several pathophysiological mechanisms, including oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and ventricular remodeling. This literature review aimed to evaluate the association between hyperuricemia and the incidence, severity, complications, and prognosis of CHF based on current scientific evidence. A narrative literature review was conducted using secondary data obtained from national and international scientific journals, textbooks, and other relevant scientific sources published between 2015 and 2026. The reviewed evidence consistently demonstrated that hyperuricemia is associated with poorer clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure. Elevated serum uric acid (UA) levels were correlated with higher New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, impaired hemodynamic status, increased risk of CHF occurrence, hospital readmission, and mortality across various heart failure phenotypes. Several studies also identified serum UA as an independent predictor of disease severity and prognosis in patients with heart failure. In conclusion, hyperuricemia is significantly associated with the severity and clinical outcomes of CHF and may serve as an important prognostic biomarker. However, current evidence regarding the effectiveness of uric acid-lowering therapy in improving heart failure prognosis remains inconsistent; therefore, serum UA cannot yet be recommended as a definitive therapeutic target.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nadiyah Nurfadhilah, Akina Maulidhany Tahir, Endy Adnan, Nurhikmawati Nurhikmawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Appendisitis Akut pada Perempuan Usia 18 Tahun: Laporan Kasus
Appendicitis is an inflammation of the vermiform appendix that is generally caused by a bacterial infection process. This disease is one of the most common causes of acute abdominal surgical emergencies. Delayed diagnosis may increase the risk of perforation and postoperative complications. This case report aims to describe the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of acute appendicitis in a patient. This study used a descriptive design in the form of a case report involving an 18-year-old female patient who presented with right lower quadrant abdominal pain accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Clinical examination revealed typical signs of acute appendicitis with an Alvarado score of 7. Laboratory examination showed leukocytosis, while abdominal ultrasonography and abdominal MSCT findings supported the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Following appendectomy, the patient’s clinical condition showed significant improvement. Right lower quadrant abdominal pain gradually decreased, and the patient’s vital signs remained stable. Gastrointestinal function also gradually recovered, as indicated by good dietary tolerance and the return of bowel movements. The patient demonstrated a good prognosis without postoperative complications such as perforation, intra-abdominal abscess, or surgical site infection. The patient was discharged in stable condition with oral antibiotics, analgesics, and outpatient follow-up education. This case demonstrates that early diagnosis of acute appendicitis is essential to prevent serious complications such as perforation and peritonitis.
Copyright (c) 2026 St Ramadina Puteri Tri Tiro Pasigai, Berry Erida Hasbi, Erwin Syarifuddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Gambaran Proteinuria Pada Ibu Gravida dengan Preeklamsi dan Eklamsi di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Indramayu
Proteinuria is an important laboratory indicator in pregnant women with preeclampsia and eclampsia because it reflects renal involvement caused by hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Preeclampsia and eclampsia remain major contributors to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality; therefore, early detection through urine protein examination is essential to prevent severe complications. This study aimed to describe proteinuria among gravida women with preeclampsia and eclampsia at the Regional General Hospital of Indramayu Regency. This study used a descriptive design with univariate analysis. The study population consisted of 255 pregnant women who underwent antenatal examination at the Regional General Hospital of Indramayu Regency and met the inclusion criteria. A total of 72 respondents were selected using systematic random sampling. The study variable was positive proteinuria among gravida women with preeclampsia and eclampsia. Secondary data were obtained from medical records using a checklist sheet, then analyzed univariately and presented as frequency distributions and percentages. Most respondents had proteinuria positive I, comprising 47 women (65.3%), followed by proteinuria positive III in 15 women (20.8%) and proteinuria positive II in 10 women (13.9%). Gravida women with preeclampsia/severe preeclampsia accounted for 60 cases (83.3%), while eclampsia was found in 4 cases (5.6%). Most respondents were in the third trimester, totaling 71 women (98.6%).Most respondents had proteinuria positive I, comprising 47 women (65.3%), followed by proteinuria positive III in 15 women (20.8%) and proteinuria positive II in 10 women (13.9%). Gravida women with preeclampsia/severe preeclampsia accounted for 60 cases (83.3%), while eclampsia was found in 4 cases (5.6%). Most respondents were in the third trimester, totaling 71 women (98.6%).
Copyright (c) 2026 Helmy Kurnia Dzulfikar, Indriani Silvia, Wildan Arismunndar S https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan Akibat Paparan Polusi Udara dan Dampaknya terhadap Kesehatan Manusia: Literatur Review
Air pollution has become a major environmental health concern at both global and national levels due to its significant impact on human health. Exposure to pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, and carbon monoxide (CO) has been associated with increased risks of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, as well as premature mortality. This study aimed to synthesize scientific evidence on environmental health risks related to air pollution exposure and its impact on human health. An integrative literature review approach was conducted using 12 articles published between 2019 and 2024, retrieved from Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. Data were analyzed descriptively and narratively by examining study objectives, research design, key findings, and implications. The results indicate that most studies reported pollutant levels exceeding recommended standards, with Risk Quotient (RQ) values greater than 1, suggesting significant health risks. Vulnerable populations, including informal workers, urban communities, and industrial workers, were found to have higher exposure levels. Furthermore, a consistent association was identified between air pollution and respiratory diseases such as acute respiratory infections. Overall, air pollution is confirmed as a major environmental health risk, highlighting the need for comprehensive control strategies through environmental policies and public health interventions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Analizza Ina Lea, Arini Novita Ati, Maurits R.L. Sjioen, Yulianti A Syarif Hadi, Luh Putu Ruliati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Durasi Duduk dan Frekuensi Olahraga dengan Derajat Fungsional Low Back Pain pada Pegawai di Sekretariat Daerah Kota Cirebon
Low Back Pain (LBP) is a musculoskeletal disorder commonly experienced by office workers due to prolonged sitting duration and low physical activity. This condition may reduce functional ability and work productivity. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between sitting duration and exercise frequency with the functional degree of Low Back Pain among employees at the Regional Secretariat of Cirebon City. This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of civil servant employees at the Regional Secretariat of Cirebon City with a total sample of 38 respondents selected using consecutive sampling technique. Independent variables were sitting duration and exercise frequency, while the dependent variable was the functional degree of Low Back Pain. Data were collected using sitting duration questionnaires, exercise frequency questionnaires, and the Back Pain Functional Scale (BPFS). Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analysis with Spearman correlation test at a significance level of p<0.05. Most respondents had prolonged sitting duration (>4 hours/day) as many as 24 respondents (63.2%) and occasional exercise frequency (1–2 times/week) as many as 26 respondents (68.4%). The median functional degree of Low Back Pain was 92.5% ± 8.92%. Statistical analysis showed no significant relationship between sitting duration and the functional degree of Low Back Pain (p=0.345), as well as between exercise frequency and the functional degree of Low Back Pain (p=0.413).There was no significant relationship between sitting duration and exercise frequency with the functional degree of Low Back Pain among employees at the Regional Secretariat of Cirebon City.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lintang Azahra Anggun Pratiwi, Kati Sriwiyati, Moh Irwan Dharmansyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Risiko Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja pada Aktivitas Operasional Gudang Sortir Menggunakan Metode HIRADC
The rapid growth of the logistics and warehousing sector, particularly in sorting operations, has increased job complexity involving manual handling, repetitive movements, and operational pressure due to high distribution volumes. These conditions potentially elevate occupational safety risks and musculoskeletal disorders if not managed through a systematic occupational health and safety (OHS) risk management approach. This study aims to identify potential hazards and analyze risk levels in parcel sorting activities in a sorting warehouse using the Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Determining Control (HIRADC) method. A qualitative descriptive approach was applied through direct observation, interviews, and documentation across several sorting warehouses in Tangerang, Indonesia. Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) was used to decompose work activities, followed by risk assessment based on likelihood and severity to determine risk levels and control recommendations. The results indicate that most activities fall under moderate risk, while loading activities into distribution vehicles represent the highest risk category. The dominant hazards are related to manual handling, repetitive movements, interaction with equipment, and inadequate housekeeping conditions. In addition, existing controls were found to be inconsistently implemented, reducing their effectiveness. This study concludes that the HIRADC approach provides a systematic overview of hazards and risk levels in sorting warehouse operations, serving as a basis for prioritizing more effective and context-based OHS control measures in the logistics sector.
Copyright (c) 2026 Danisarah Prilly, Yatna Suhetna, Mirza Nafaru Haqa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan antara Aktivitas Fisik Harian dengan Kemampuan Motorik Kasar pada Anak di SDN 4 Pemecutan, Denpasar: Cross-Sectional Study
Gross motor skills are an important aspect of development in elementary school children and are influenced by various factors, one of which is daily physical activity. This study aimed to determine the relationship between daily physical activity and gross motor skills in elementary school children at SDN 4 Pemecutan, Denpasar. This study employed an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach involving 58 children aged 8–10 years selected through purposive sampling. Daily physical activity was measured using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C), while gross motor skills were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation test. The results showed a significant relationship between daily physical activity and gross motor skills (p < 0.001; r = 0.472), indicating a moderate positive correlation. It can be concluded that daily physical activity is associated with gross motor skills in elementary school children.
Copyright (c) 2026 Komang Ayu Sanimita Ahrani, Made Hendra Satria Nugraha, Anak Agung Gede Eka Septian Utama, Ari Wibawa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Rata-rata PM2.5 Di Surabaya Raya Tahun 2024–2025 terhadap Baku Mutu Nasional dalam Perspektif Kesehatan Masyarakat
PM2.5 is one of the key contributors to ambient air pollution, which poses a critical environmental problem in urban areas such as the Greater Surabaya Region, characterized by high levels of transportation and industrial activity. PM2.5 can penetrate the lower respiratory tract, thereby increasing the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory disorders as well as noncommunicable diseases, as reported by the WHO, which estimates 6.7 million premature deaths globally due to air pollution each year. This study aims to analyze the average PM2.5 levels for 2024–2025 in the Greater Surabaya Area and compare them with national quality standards from a public health perspective. This study employs a descriptive-analytical method using secondary data from the Directorate of Air Quality Pollution Control, incorporating spatial-temporal and comparative analyses based on the scope of monitoring days. The results show that Mojokerto Regency (49.4264 µg/m³), Sidoarjo Regency (34.2614 µg/m³), and Surabaya City (27.9185 µg/m³) in 2024 had higher levels compared to other areas. Meanwhile, in 2025, levels were higher in Sidoarjo Regency (29.6033 µg/m³) and Mojokerto Regency (19.3600 µg/m³). Several regions have concentration levels exceeding the national standard of 15 µg/m³. These findings indicate public health risks and the need for enhanced air quality monitoring and control of anthropogenic emissions to facilitate promotive-preventive interventions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Shaila Rizka Annabila, Aditya Pawitra Sukma, Khuliyah Candraning Diyanah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengembangan Kebijakan Kesehatan dan Pemangku Kepentingan
Health policy is an important part of public policy that plays a role in improving public health through the planning, implementation, and evaluation of health programs. In developing health policies, the involvement of various stakeholders such as the government, health workers, academics, community organizations, the private sector, and communities is essential for the resulting policies to be effective and on target. However, in its implementation, various challenges are still encountered, such as unequal access to health services, low community participation, conflicts of interest between actors, and government dominance in the decision-making process. These conditions can affect the quality and success of health policies in the community. Research objectives: to analyze health policy development and the role of stakeholders in supporting the creation of effective, inclusive, transparent, and sustainable health policies. Methods: This study uses a literature review method by collecting and analyzing various scientific articles related to health policy development and stakeholders. The literature search was conducted through the Google Scholar and PubMed databases using the keywords "Health Policy Development" and "Stakeholders". The articles used were published in 2022–2026 and were selected based on the suitability of the research topic. The data obtained were then analyzed descriptively to identify similarities, differences, and interrelationships between studies addressing the role of stakeholders in the health policy development process. Results: The study shows that the government remains the most dominant actor in the health policymaking process. However, the involvement of other stakeholders, such as health workers, academics, community organizations, the private sector, and communities, plays a crucial role in improving the effectiveness, quality, transparency, and success of health policy implementation. The collaborative governance approach is considered capable of strengthening cross-sectoral coordination and increasing the participation of various parties in the decision-making process. However, several obstacles remain in its implementation, such as sectoral egos, low transparency, limited public participation, conflicts of interest, and the suboptimal use of evidence-based policy in health policy formulation. Conclusion: Health policy development requires strong, transparent, and evidence-based cross-sectoral collaboration to ensure effective and sustainable implementation. The active involvement of all stakeholders is a crucial factor in creating inclusive, responsive, and equitable health policies that improve the quality of public health services.
Copyright (c) 2026 Chreisye Kardinalia Fransisca Mandagi , Gracia Indri Ludjiwadu , Syalomitha Imanuella Jacobus , Chariswan Austin Lie, Juvelin Cristiani Liem , Laura Maria Palar, Injilio Yeremia Christiano Mondigir, Beylin Cheryn Kawung https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Peran Financial Socialization dalam Memediasi Pengaruh Digital Financial Literacy terhadap Digital Financial Behaviour Generasi Z
The development of digital financial services provides Generation Z with greater convenience in conducting financial activities, but it also requires proper financial management capabilities. This study aims to examine the effect of digital financial literacy on digital financial behaviour and the mediating role of financial socialization among Generation Z. This study employed a quantitative approach using a survey method. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 413 Generation Z respondents who reside in Surabaya, earn their own income, and actively use digital financial services. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, while the data were analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results demonstrate that digital financial literacy has a significant effect on digital financial behaviour. Furthermore, financial socialization partially mediates the effect of digital financial literacy on digital financial behaviour. These findings indicate that the ability to understand and use digital financial services, supported by financial learning through parents, peers, and digital media, can encourage Generation Z to develop better, more rational, and responsible digital financial behaviour.
Copyright (c) 2026 Billy Mathew Hadap, Evely Evelyn https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Upaya Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Leptospirosis Melalui Pendekatan Diagnosis Komunitas di Desa M, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infection transmitted from infected animals through their urine, either directly or through contaminated soil or water. In 2025, the working area of Community Health Center K showed an increase in the number of leptospirosis cases accompanied by death, one of which was in Village M. The Community Diagnosis Program was carried out in an effort to identify problems and improve interventions. In the initial stage, problem priority was determined using the USG scoring method, followed by identification of the cause of the problem using the BLUM Paradigm. The Delphi non-scoring technique, Fishbone Diagram and the Five Whys methods were used to determine the root cause of the problem. Planning to evaluation of interventions were carried out by involving various related parties and outlined in the Log Frame Goal, POA, timeline, PDCA cycle and System Approach. Low community knowledge, an environment that is at risk of leptospirosis, and lack of support from the village are the main concerns as the cause of the high number of Leptospirosis cases in this village. The intervention in the form of outreach succeeded in increasing community knowledge by 66,25 points, the community actively participated in the mutual cooperation activities to clean the environment and established communication between the community health center doctors, village midwives, health cadres and village officials. The activities are expected to resolve the problems in Village M and support the long-term goal of preventing and controlling leptospirosis in the working area of Community Health Center K.
Copyright (c) 2026 Amalia Riana, Dewi Novianti, Arie Akbar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Bibliometrik Penelitian Digital Divide Dalam Konteks Akses Dan Literasi Media Digital
The rapid development of digital technologies and the increasing global internet penetration have driven significant transformations across various sectors of life, while simultaneously intensifying the phenomenon of the digital divide. This inequality is not only related to limited access to technology, but also involves low levels of digital media literacy that affect individuals’ ability to effectively utilize information. Therefore, this study aims to map the development and scientific structure of digital divide research in the context of digital access and media literacy using a bibliometric approach. The data were obtained from the Scopus database, consisting of 124 scientific documents published between 2015 and 2025. The analysis was conducted using Biblioshiny and VOSviewer to generate visualizations such as keyword density maps, co-occurrence networks, and the distribution of contributions by authors and countries. The results indicate that digital divideresearch is dominated by key themes such as digital divide, internet access, digital literacy, and media literacy, which are conceptually interconnected. In addition, there is a significant growth in publications with an annual growth rate of 28.47%, involving 427 authors with a relatively high level of collaboration. These findings suggest that the issue of the digital divide is gaining increasing global attention and continues to develop dynamically. This study highlights the importance of integrating technological access and digital literacy as a strategic effort to reduce the digital divide in the future
Copyright (c) 2026 Magfirah Ramadanti; Muliadi Mau, Alem Febri Sonni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efektivitas Video Micro-Learning terhadap Pemahaman Biokimia pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran
High remediation rates in Biochemistry examinations at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lampung underscored the need for supplementary digital learning media. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of short video-based micro-learning in improving Biochemistry comprehension among medical students. An experimental one-group pretest posttest design was employed involving 188 paired data records from the students enrolled in Biochemistry 2. An animated video of approximately seven minutes was uploaded to YouTube and made accessible one day before each face-to-face session. Comprehension was assessed using ten multiple-choice questions administered before and after the intervention. Shapiro-Wilk testing confirmed non-normal score distributions in both assessments, warranting the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test. Mean scores increased significantly from 81.76 ± 21.29 to 96.44 ± 9.05 (W = 272.5, p < 0.001; Cohen's d = 0.735), indicating a large effect size. The passing rate rose from 77.1% to 98.9%, accompanied by a marked narrowing of score variance, reflecting reduced comprehension disparity among students. The score distribution shifted markedly, with the proportion of students achieving scores in the 90–100 range increasing from 55.9% to 94.1%. These results support the view that learning through a combination of visual and auditory is more effective in building comprehension than methods relying on a single sensory. These findings demonstrate that short video micro-learning constitutes a supplementary strategy capable of substantially improving Biochemistry comprehension and reducing remediation rates in medical education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zahara Nurfatihah Z, Syazili Mustofa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Pengetahuan Gizi Seimbang, Tingkat Kecukupan Energi dan Zat Gizi Makro terhadap Status Gizi Remaja Sman 1 Kota Cirebon
Nutrional status is an important factor in determining a person’s quality of life. Adolescents must be able to choose healthy foods and must understand that food is always related to nutritional status and also health. Problems that often occur in adolescents are overweight and underweight. This study aims to determine the relationship between balanced nutrition knowledge, energy adequacy and macronutrients to the nutritional status of adolescents of SMAN 1 Cirebon City.This study is an observational analytical study with a cross sectional method. The sample of this study totaled 168 people using consecutive sampling as a sampling technique. Knowledge data was collected using questionnaires and energy intake data and macro substances using a 24-hour food recall. In the multivariate statistical test of ordinal logistic regression, a significant relationship was found between the level of energy adequacy (p 0.003) and protein intake (p 0.010) on the nutritional status of adolescents.There was no relationship between balanced nutrition knowledge, carbohydrate intake and fat intake on adolescent nutritional status and there was a significant relationship between energy adequacy and protein intake on adolescent nutritional status.
Copyright (c) 2026 Annida Hanna Maula Azzahra, M. Duddy Satrianugraha Wahidin, Ali Manfaluthi Ahmad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Kekuatan Genggaman Tangan dengan Fungsi Ekstremitas Atas pada Lansia di Panti Jompo Denpasar
Older adults experience aging processes that may cause decreased muscle mass and muscle strength, including hand muscle strength. Reduced handgrip strength can affect the ability of older adults to perform daily activities involving the upper extremities, such as gripping, lifting, carrying, and manipulating objects. This study aimed to determine the relationship between handgrip strength and upper extremity function in older adults at nursing homes in Denpasar. This study used an analytical cross-sectional design. A total of 25 older adults were recruited using total sampling. Handgrip strength was measured using a handgrip dynamometer, while upper extremity function was assessed using the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation. The results showed that the mean age was 70.16 +/- 3.934 years, mean handgrip strength was 15.172 +/- 6.438 kg, and mean QuickDASH score was 18.04 +/- 15.307. Spearman correlation analysis showed a significant relationship between handgrip strength and upper extremity function (r = -0.744; p = 0.000). Higher handgrip strength was associated with lower QuickDASH scores, indicating better upper extremity function. In conclusion, handgrip strength is significantly associated with upper extremity function in older adults at nursing homes in Denpasar.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sabila Harianti, Sayu Aryantari Putri Thanaya, Indah Pramita, Anak Ayu Nyoman Trisna Narta Dewi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Conventional Radiological Findings of an Anterior Mediastinal Mass at Ngoerah Hospital
The most common anterior masses, often referred to by the acronym 4T, consist of thymoma, teratoma, thyroid tissue, and lymphoma (terrible lymphoma). These masses present unique challenges due to their proximity to critical thoracic structures. Although advances in imaging aid in characterization, an accurate diagnosis often requires a multimodal approach integrating radiological, histological, and molecular techniques. The anterior mediastinum, located in front of the heart and bounded by the sternum, undergoes significant changes from childhood to adulthood. In children, the mediastinum houses the large thymus, a vital immune organ; in adults, the mediastinum transitions into a smaller space as thymic function diminishes and the gland atrophies. This evolution leaves an area vulnerable to tumor formation. This case report discusses three distinct cases of anterior mediastinal masses. From the cases presented, it is evident that chest radiography plays a crucial role in establishing the initial diagnosis of patients with mediastinal abnormalities, specifically anterior mediastinal masses. However, in the previously discussed cases, only a single-projection chest X-ray—the posterolateral (PA) view—was performed. As explained in the available literature, in patients suspected of having mediastinal abnormalities, chest X-rays should be performed using two projections: posteroanterior and lateral.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putu Patriawan, Lorensius Ivan Pantekosta, Dewa Gde Mahiswara Suadiatmika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Antara Masa Kerja dan Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri dengan Keluhan Penglihatan Pada Pekerja di Bengkel Las Kota Manado
Welding workers rank second in terms of the percentage of workers suffering eye injuries due to direct exposure to foreign objects such as sparks and light. Length of service and eye problems. Longer working hours increase the risk of eye disorders because workers are frequently exposed to light and welding fumes. Sore eyes, red eyes, itching, double vision, and blurred vision are among the vision problems that may arise from worker non-compliance. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between work period and the use of PPE with visual complaints in workers in the Manado City welding workshop The type of research is analytical observational with a cross-sectional approach carried out in November 2025-April 2026. The population in this study were all workers in the welding workshop as many as 35 workers and using total sampling. Data collection was carried out through interviews using questionnaires and direct observation. Data were analyzed univariately, bivariately. using the Spearman correlation test with a significance level of p <0.05. The results of the study showed that 11 (31.4%) respondents with new work period, 14 (40.0%) respondents with medium work period and 10 (28.6%) respondents with long work period. Respondents with low frequency of PPE use were 15 (42.9%), moderate 18 (51.4%) and high 2 (5.7%) respondents and respondents with complaints of light frequency of visual complaints were 8 (22.9%), moderate 23 (65.7%) and severe 4 (11.4%) respondents. The results of the spearman correlation test showed a relationship between work period and use of PPE with visual complaints in workers in the Manado city welding workshop with p-value.s ​​(0.008) and (0.001) respectively.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eby Tappi , Woodford Baren Joseph, Sri Seprianto Maddusa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efektivitas Pendampingan Dan Edukasi Gizi Berbasis Pemanfaatan Jus Buah Bit Terhadap Peningkatan Kadar Hemoglobin Pada Ibu Hamil Anemia Trimester III Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kota Rantauprapat
Anemia in pregnant women during the third trimester remains a significant public health problem in Indonesia that increases the risk of pregnancy complications, preterm birth, and low birth weight infants. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of nutritional counseling and beetroot juice supplementation on increasing hemoglobin levels in anemic pregnant women. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design was used involving 50 participants divided into experimental and control groups. The intervention consisted of beetroot juice administration combined with nutrition education for seven days, while the control group received standard counseling only. Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after the intervention using a hemoglobinometer. Data were analyzed using a paired t-test with a significance level of p<0.05. The results showed a significant increase in hemoglobin levels in the experimental group compared to the control group. The mean hemoglobin values increased after intervention, with statistical significance of p<0.001. These findings indicate that beetroot juice, rich in iron, folate, vitamins, and antioxidants, supports red blood cell formation. Furthermore counseling and education improved maternal knowledge and behavior regarding anemia prevention. In conclusion, the combination of nutritional counseling and beetroot juice intake effectively increases hemoglobin levels in anemic pregnant women in the third trimester in the working area of Rantauprapat Community Health Center and supports non-pharmacological anemia management strategies in primary care settings implementation framework.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ratu Hillery, Zulfendri, Agnes Purba https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Fungsi Kontrol Pada Proses Pengembangan Kebijakan, Rekomendasi & Advokasi Kebijakan
The National Health Insurance Program (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional/JKN) in Indonesia has achieved a significant milestone by covering 98% of the population as of 2024. However, this quantitative expansion has not been optimally matched by improvements in service quality, health facility readiness, and financial sustainability. Within this ecosystem, the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) function plays a strategic role as a control mechanism in the development of evidence-based policies. Objective: This study aims to comprehensively analyze macro, administrative, clinical, and community-based control functions in the implementation of JKN, as well as to identify gaps in the current M&E system. Methods: This research employs a literature review method of 21 scientific articles published over the past 10 years, sourced from Google Scholar and PubMed databases. Results: The findings indicate that the control functions of JKN currently face challenges such as high institutional fragmentation, inaccuracies in validating data for participants in the informal sector, and increased workload and financial pressures on healthcare facilities due to suboptimal capitation and INA-CBGs tariffs. Additionally, a significant gap was identified in which M&E remains biased toward administrative and quantitative achievements (UHC targets) and has not yet been optimized as a tool for policy learning. Conclusion: The control function of the JKN program needs to transition from a quantity-oriented approach to one focused on equitable service quality. An integrated, information technology-based M&E system orchestrated by cross-sectoral institutions is required, along with strengthened bottom-up, community-based control to ensure the sustainability of the national health system.
Copyright (c) 2026 Chreisye Kardinalia Fransisca Mandagi, Gracela Partiah Mangngi, Helsa Claudia, Josua Aprilio Sitorus, Kasih Frigia Angel Rumengan, Kevin Vicky Karongkong, Marlina Kessya Moha, Viatika Elizabeth Tias https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Formulasi dan Uji Aktivitas Antifungi Terhadap Candida albicans pada Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Daun Bunga Sepatu (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.)
Infeksi jamur yang disebabkan Candida albicans menimbulkan tantangan kesehatan yang banyak terjadi pada masyarakat, sehingga diperlukan alternatif pengobatan alami. Daun bunga sepatu (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin dan saponin yang berpotensi sebagai antijamur yang aman. Penggunaan ekstrak daun sepatu secara langsung kurang praktis, sehingga diformulasikan menjadi sediaan gel yang dengan sensasi dingin, melembabkan dan melindungi kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan dan menguji aktivitas antifungi gel ekstrak daun bunga sepatu dengan variasi konsentrasi F1 2,5%, F2 3%, F3 3,5% terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Candida albicans. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratorium dengan desain Post-test Only Control Design. Ekstrak daun bunga sepatu diperoleh melalui maserasi dengan etanol 70%. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan sediaan gel seluruh formula memenuhi sediaan semisolid yang baik meliputi organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, daya lekat dan daya sebar sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Pada pengujian antifungi adanya daya hambat pada formulasi 1 (4,85 mm), formulasi 2 (6,87 mm), formulasi 3 (10,79 mm), kontrol positif (21,08 mm). Hasil analisis data One Way ANOVA seluruh pengujian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara formulasi dengan p < 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa sediaan gel ekstrak daun bunga sepatu (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.) memiliki aktivitas antifungi dengan daya hambat paling optimal pada Formulasi 3 (3,5%).
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Ulfatun Ni’mah, Riana Putri Rahmawati, Fahrudin Arif https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Persepsi dalam Health Belief Model pada Kesadaran Risiko Kontaminasi Bakteri di Kosmetik pada Mahasiswi Tata Kecantikan UNNES
Bacterial contamination in cosmetic products is frequently overlooked, despite posing considerable health risks particularly among users who habitually share cosmetic tools. This study aims to examine both the simultaneous and partial effects of Health Belief Model (HBM)-based perceptions on awareness of bacterial contamination risk in cosmetics. Employing a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional design, the study involved 208 active female students of the Cosmetology Education Study Program at Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) from the 2022–2025 cohorts, selected through simple random sampling. A Likert scale (1–5) was used to measure six HBM constructs perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy alongside risk awareness indicators. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation, and multiple linear regression. Results indicate that all variables fall within the high category. Bivariately, all six HBM constructs demonstrated positive and significant correlations with risk awareness (r = 0.533–0.833; p < 0.001), with cues to action showing the strongest association. Multivariately, the model accounted for 93.2% of variance in risk awareness (R2 = 0.932; F = 461.241; p < 0.001). Perceived benefits emerged as the most dominant predictor (B = 0.854; p < 0.001), while perceived barriers showed no significant partial effect (p = 0.132). These findings confirm that the HBM framework is a highly reliable predictor for mapping cosmetic bacterial contamination risk awareness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fadiah Khairina Firamadania, Maria Krisnawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat pada Pasien Hipertensi di Puskesmas Karangsembung
Hypertension is a non-communicable disease requiring long-term treatment and is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular complications. Adherence to antihypertensive medication is essential to maintain stable blood pressure and prevent complications. One of the factors influencing medication adherence is family support. This study aimed to determine the relationship between family support and medication adherence among hypertensive patients at Karangsembung Health Center, Cirebon Regency, in 2024. This study used an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of hypertensive patients in the working area of Karangsembung Health Center, with a sample of 96 respondents selected using consecutive sampling technique. The independent variable was family support, while the dependent variable was medication adherence. Data were collected using a family support questionnaire, the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS), and medical records. Data analysis was performed using the Spearman Rank correlation test. The results showed that most respondents had good family support, namely 63 respondents (65.6%), and the majority were adherent to medication, namely 73 respondents (76.0%). The Spearman Rank test showed a p-value of 0.000 (≤0.05) with a correlation coefficient of 0.550, indicating a positive relationship with moderate correlation strength. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between family support and medication adherence among hypertensive patients at Karangsembung Health Center, where better family support is associated with higher medication adherence.
Copyright (c) 2026 Novan Ibrahim, Sri Marfuati, Nanang Ruhyana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Quality Control pada Pesawat MRI 1,5 Tesla di Instalasi Radiologi Rsud Bali Mandara
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a diagnostic imaging modality with a high capability to produce optimal soft tissue contrast. The quality of MRI images is strongly influenced by system performance; therefore, routine quality control (QC) is essential to maintain consistency and reliability of imaging results. This study aims to analyze the implementation of QC on a 1.5 Tesla MRI system through artifact evaluation and the application of a visual checklist at the Radiology Installation of RSUD Bali Mandara.This study employed a qualitative design with a survey approach. Data were collected through direct observation of MRI QC procedures, implementation of a visual checklist, and artifact evaluation using a water phantom. Scanning was performed using T1-weighted axial and T2-weighted axial sequences with standard parameters. The results showed that MRI QC procedures were conducted routinely through daily and weekly assessments. The visual checklist evaluation indicated that the MRI system was generally in good condition. Artifact evaluation revealed no artifacts in the phantom images. Environmental parameters, including room temperature (20.33°C), humidity (59.7%), and helium level (93.8%), were within stable and acceptable ranges. In conclusion, the implementation of MRI QC has been carried out effectively through a combination of artifact evaluation and visual checklist. This approach can serve as a practical method for maintaining MRI image quality and supporting reliable diagnostic outcomes in radiology services.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Wirya Febriyani, I Made Lana Prasetya, I Putu Surya Dharma Negara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pembuatan Pewarna Alam Dari Kulit Bawang Bombay (Allium Cepa L) Pada Kain Sutra Dan Katun
Natural dyes for fabrics are often derived from plants; however, it is important to consider the sustainability of the plant ecosystem when using natural dyes. We must ensure that the use of natural dyes to reduce environmental pollution does not end up damaging the plant ecosystem. One alternative for using natural dyes in batik that utilizes local natural resources is the production of natural dyes from onion skins. Onions can serve as an alternative natural dye for batik fabric. In addition to being an alternative for natural dyes in batik, this method can also function as a strategy for household waste management, offering varied and environmentally friendly batik dyeing. Using an experimental method with quantitative analysis, three mordanting stages—pre-mordantting, simultaneous mordanting, and post-mordanting—were applied, along with the nglorod process, consistent with traditional batik production methods. Onion skins were processed to serve as a dye for silk and cotton fabrics, with tests conducted for colorfastness to washing, perspiration, and rubbing. The research results showed that the color extracted from onion skins was reddish-yellow; on silk fabric, the color was darker compared to cotton fabric. After the nglorod process, the colorfastness of cotton fabric tended to be higher than that of silk, while silk was more stable and even more intense. Further testing was conducted on colorfastness to washing, rubbing, and perspiration. Laboratory test results showed that silk fabric performed better.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rizki Lestari, Aditya Dimas Wahyu Sasongko, Maghfiroh Maghfiroh, Zahir Widadi, Yovita Christy, Tryas Intan Pandini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pendekatan Sosiolinguistik dalam Pembelajaran BIPA Berbasis Budaya Lokal untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Komunikatif Pemelajar
Globalization has increased international interest in learning Indonesian through BIPA (Indonesian for Foreign Speakers), which emphasizes not only linguistic aspects but also social and cultural contexts. This article aims to examine the concept of sociolinguistics, its application in BIPA learning based on local culture, and its impacts and challenges. The method used is a literature review. The findings show that a sociolinguistic approach enhances learners’ communicative competence through understanding social context, language variation, and politeness norms. The integration of local culture provides authentic contexts that strengthen pragmatic and intercultural competence. However, its implementation still faces challenges such as limited teaching materials and teachers’ competencies. Therefore, the development of local culture-based teaching materials and the improvement of teachers’ competencies are needed to make learning more effective and contextual.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sari Sulfiana, Abdul Azis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Penerapan Media Pembelajaran dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman tentang Dampak Cyberbullying
Cyberbullying telah menjadi masalah besar di era ini. Anak-anak biasanya menghabiskan waktu mengakses media sosial atau internet tanpa bimbingan orang tua. Hal ini berarti anak-anak tidak memiliki filter atau pedoman untuk menyaring semua arus informasi di internet. Sikap anak-anak di media sosial biasanya berbeda karena mereka merasa dapat dengan bebas mengekspresikan pikiran mereka tanpa batasan apa pun. Namun, mereka tidak menyadari bahwa komentar mereka mungkin menyakiti orang lain. Terkadang komentar yang menyakitkan itu tidak berdasar dan hanya mengikuti tren, tanpa mempertimbangkan pihak lain. Kondisi ini dapat menyakiti pihak lain yang menjadi korban cyberbullying siber tanpa disadari. Namun, anak-anak yang membuat komentar negatif biasanya tidak menyadari bahwa komentar mereka dapat menyakiti orang lain. Dampak negatif cyberbullying siber terkadang berujung pada kematian karena orang yang menjadi sasaran cyberbullying merasa bahwa mereka tidak memiliki nilai dan tidak memiliki masa depan. Hal ini menimbulkan kekhawatiran bahwa pendidikan tentang cyberbullying perlu ditingkatkan kepada para siswa, terutama bagi remaja. Penelitian kualitatif ini, yang didasarkan pada tinjauan pustaka sistematis, berfokus pada manfaat media pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan pemahaman tentang cyberbullying. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan wawasan lebih lanjut mengenai pentingnya media pembelajaran dalam mengajarkan dampak cyberbullying.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maharani Mahar, Rini Sugiarti, Ira Kusumawaty https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Perilaku Cyberloafing dan Komitmen Organisasi Pegawai di Rumah Sakit: Analisis Korelasional Spearman Rank
The development of digital technology has increased the ease of access to information in the workplace, including in the healthcare sector. In addition to providing benefits for task performance, internet use can also lead to cyberloafing behavior, namely the activity of using the internet for personal purposes during work hours. This condition is potentially related to the level of employee commitment to the organization. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between cyberloafing activities and the level of organizational commitment among employees at the Bhayangkara Hospital, Pusdik Brimob Watukosek. The approach applied was a quantitative study with a correlation design through cross-sectional observations. A total of 40 employees who met the research criteria were selected as samples using a purposive sampling method. Research information was collected through a questionnaire instrument used to identify cyberloafing tendencies and respondents' levels of organizational commitment. The collected data were then processed using the Spearman Rank correlation test. Research findings showed that the majority of respondents had moderate levels of cyberloafing behavior (75.0%) and organizational commitment (80.0%). The results of statistical tests showed a significance value of 0.000 with a correlation coefficient of 0.569. These values ​​indicate a meaningful relationship between the two variables with a level of relationship included in the moderate category. These findings indicate that the level of cyberloafing experienced by employees is related to their organizational commitment. Therefore, an effective internet usage management strategy, coupled with efforts to strengthen organizational commitment, is needed to support employee performance and service quality.
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Nurul Huda, M. Arwani, Mochammad Malik Ibrahim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Kualitatif Health Belief Model terhadap Keinginan Berhenti Merokok pada Mahasiswa Laki-Laki Fakultas Xxx Universitas Yyy
Smoking among health students reflects a gap between academic knowledge and personal health behavior. This article reports the qualitative component of a study that explored Health Belief Model constructs related to the intention to quit smoking among male students at Faculty xxx, University yyy. A qualitative descriptive approach was used through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 15 male student smokers from aaa, bbb, and ccc study programs, supported by one key institutional informant. Informants were selected using snowball sampling because smoking behavior in the campus context was sensitive and not formally recorded. Data were analyzed thematically through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings showed that students understood the health risks and severity of smoking, but perceived susceptibility was not always internalized personally. The perceived benefits of quitting included improved health, better stamina, psychological relief, economic savings, and professional credibility as future health workers. However, nicotine dependence, craving, academic stress, emotional regulation, peer pressure, and smoking routines were strong barriers to quitting. Cues to action emerged from family reminders, health information, clinical exposure, and smoke-free campus rules, while self-efficacy remained unstable. The study highlights that smoking cessation interventions should go beyond risk education by integrating psychological support, peer-based assistance, personal risk communication, and consistent institutional policy.
Copyright (c) 2026 El Vinta Rahmi, Adila Kasni Astiena, Husna Yetti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Bioaktif Ekstrak Buah Pare (Momordica Charantia) dalam Regulasi Glukosa Darah dan Resistensi Insulin : Literature Review
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels exceeding the normal fasting range of 80-90 mg/dL or the non-fasting range of 140-160 mg/dL. Diabetes mellitus encompasses a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia due to abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The research methodology used was a literature review. This study aims to examine the function of bioactive bitter melon (Momordica charantia) fruit extract in regulating blood glucose and insulin resistance. This subject is important because of the increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus, which requires effective and safe complementary therapy solutions. The methodology used involved a literature review, analyzing 10 scientific journals sourced from the ResearchGate, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases, which were then selected according to predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The analysis used a content analysis method to ensure significant conclusions. The research findings indicate that bitter melon fruit extract has considerable potential to lower blood glucose levels and improve insulin resistance due to its bioactive compounds, including charantin, polypeptide-p, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. The mechanisms include enhancing insulin sensitivity, inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and providing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, bitter melon extract has potential as a complementary therapy in the management of diabetes mellitus, although further research is needed to confirm its long-term effectiveness and safety.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurul Hikmah, Sri Julyani M, Dian Fahmi Utami https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Paparan Polusi Udara dalam Ruangan dan Risiko Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik (PPOK): Tinjauan Sistematis
This study aimed to analyze the association between exposure to indoor air pollution and the incidence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) based on a synthesis of epidemiological studies. A systematic review was conducted on cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies evaluating exposure to biomass fuels, indoor air pollution, and individual factors associated with COPD incidence. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Nature, and DOAJ, yielding 1,863 records in the initial stage. After screening, duplicate removal, and eligibility assessment based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 studies were included in the final analysis. The findings showed that most studies reported a significant association between indoor air pollution exposure and an increased risk of COPD, with OR values >2 in several studies. Biomass fuels such as firewood, charcoal, coal, crop residues, and animal dung were associated with higher COPD risk, while PM2.5 concentrations and poor household ventilation further amplified the effects of exposure. Women were also found to have a higher risk than men. In conclusion, indoor air pollution is an important risk factor for COPD development, influenced by fuel type, exposure intensity, and individual and environmental factors. Prevention efforts through the use of clean fuels, improved ventilation, and increased public awareness are necessary to reduce the burden of COPD.
Copyright (c) 2026 Intan Nabilla, Disa Hijratul Muharramah, Novida Syafitri, Aulia Putri Zean, Cass Marcella Rasnino, Sefriliza Zenia, Ika Dwi Puspa, Nadya Tri Melda, Nadya Indah Khoirunnisa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Perilaku Sedentari terhadap Kejadian Prehipertensi pada Mahasiswa Fisioterapi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana
Technological advancements and lifestyle changes in the modern era have led to a decline in physical activity across various groups of society, along with an increase in time spent working, studying, and engaging in screen-based activities. This phenomenon has given rise to a lifestyle characterized by minimal physical activity, known as a sedentary lifestyle or sedentary behavior. Sedentary behavior has become an inseparable part of students’ lives due to academic demands and digital lifestyle patterns. If these habits are not balanced with adequate physical activity, they may increase the risk of various non-communicable diseases, including hypertension at a young age. This study aimed to determine the relationship between sedentary behavior and the incidence of prehypertension among university students. This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The participants were 73 students selected through purposive sampling based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sedentary behavior was measured using the Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire, and prehypertension status was determined by measuring blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test to determine the relationship between sedentary behavior and the incidence of prehypertension. A total of 25 respondents (34.2%) experienced prehypertension, while 48 respondents (65.8%) did not experience prehypertension. The Chi-Square test results showed no significant relationship between sedentary behavior and the incidence of prehypertension, with a p-value=0.457 (p > 0.05). Therefore, there was no significant relationship between sedentary behavior and the incidence of prehypertension among Physiotherapy students at the Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University.
Copyright (c) 2026 Victoria Anastasia Ananda Putri, Ari Wibawa, Ni Luh Nopi Andayani, Ni Wayan Tianing https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Mental Health dalam Perspektif Psikologi Positif Serta Korelasinya dalam Pendidikan Islam
The educational process requires good mental health in every student. Without it, it will be difficult to develop other potentials. Given that it is a prerequisite for successful educational implementation, it must be developed. One effort to develop mental health is through the role of Positive Psychology. This study employed a library research method. The researcher identified literature in the form of national and international journals, books, and research findings related to the topic under study, namely how Positive Psychology can improve a person's mental health. The literature review also explored various studies conducted by previous researchers. The results of this study revealed a perspective on psychology in improving human mental health. Based on the research findings, several points were made. First, mental health and Positive Psychology are strongly linked, with both striving to increase human happiness. Second, Positive Psychology plays a significant role in helping improve a person's mental health. Third, improving mental health through the role of Positive Psychology can increase the effectiveness of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hadini Hadini, M. Imamuddin, Masbur Masbur, Hayati Hayati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Edukasi Kesehatan Lingkungan Kepada ABK dan Inspeksi Sanitasi Kapal Quantum One di Pelabuhan Tenau Kupang
Ships are work environments with relatively high environmental health risk due to engine noise exposure, the need to maintain woom sanitation, and the monitoring of clean water quality to prevent health problem among crew members. This community service activity aimed to increase the knowledge and awareness of ship crew members regarding environmental health and noise control on the Quantum One ship operating at Tenau Port, Kupang. The activity method included ship sanitation inspection, participant registration, a pre-test, blood pressure measurement, health education on environmental sanitation and noise hazards through short presentation and leaflet distribution, a post-test, handwadhing demonstration, installation of educational posters and stickers, and demonstration of water pH and engine-room noise measurements. The results showed and increase in participant knowledge, with the mean pre-test score rising from 86,52 to 97,57 in the post-test. The ship’s sanitation condition was generally good, the clea water pH value was 7,9 which remained within a safe range, and the measured noise level was 83 dBA, still below the threshold limit of 85 dBA/8 working hours. In conclusion, environmental health education and ship sanitation inspection effectively improved the crew members’ knowledge and supported the implementation of clean and healthy living behaviors on board. It was recommended that education, sanitation, and noise control be carried out regularly and continuously on the ship.
Copyright (c) 2026 Diniati Diniati, Evy Linda Tata, Karolina T. Bokilia, Kiki S. Lulu, Yuli F. Mansula, Marylin S. Junias, Luh Putu Ruliati, Anderias Umbu Roga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Strategi Transfer Pengetahuan pada Community Health Workers dalam Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer: Literature Review
Community Health Workers (CHWs) play a crucial role in primary health care by serving as a bridge between health systems and communities. The expanding and increasingly complex role of CHWs requires sustainable capacity-building mechanisms, one of which is knowledge transfer. This literature review aims to identify and synthesize knowledge transfer strategies implemented among Community Health Workers in primary health care settings and to explore their contributions to strengthening CHW capacity. A literature search was conducted in the Scopus database using keywords related to knowledge transfer and Community Health Workers. Articles were selected based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in five eligible studies for review. The findings revealed that knowledge transfer strategies among CHWs can be categorized into three main approaches: training-based knowledge transfer, technology-assisted knowledge transfer, and collaborative knowledge transfer. These strategies contributed to improvements in knowledge, skills, case detection capacity, and the quality of health services delivered by CHWs. However, their implementation continues to face several challenges, including limited technological infrastructure, low digital literacy, resource constraints, and socio-cultural factors. This literature review concludes that knowledge transfer is an essential strategy for strengthening the capacity of Community Health Workers and should be developed in accordance with local needs and contexts to support effective and sustainable primary health care.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fitri Ika Arde Yani, Setya Haksama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Internal Communication and Inclusive Leadership in Relation to Employee Performance: a Case Study of a Seat Cover Manufacturer
Manufacturing remains one of the main pillars of Indonesia’s economy, yet its competitiveness now rests more on how firms manage communication, leadership, and day-to-day execution than on production scale alone. This study sets out to understand how internal communication and inclusive leadership are practiced in relation to employee performance at PT SSC, an export-oriented car seat cover manufacturer in West Java that met its sales target but did not turn that into steady daily output. The study uses a qualitative case study approach. Data were drawn from fourteen informants across four divisions through semi-structured interviews, observation, and internal records, and were then analysed thematically and triangulated. The findings show that communication routines, leadership roles, and worker capability already exist but are not joined up in daily work, which leaves uneven understanding, inconsistent inclusive leadership, and gaps in capability. The study proposes an integrated people-performance execution system built on three linked pillars, which may offer practical value for labor-intensive manufacturers facing similar problems.
Copyright (c) 2026 Shafira Rahmahwati Kuswandi; Andika Putra Pratama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Solasi Senyawa Bioaktif Golongan Flavonoid dari Getah Kemenyan Sumatra (Styrax benzoin)
Sumatran benzoin resin (Styrax benzoin) is a non-timber forest product with strong potential as a source of bioactive compounds, particularly flavonoids known for their antioxidant properties. However, studies on flavonoid isolation from this resin remain limited. This study aims to isolate flavonoid fractions, determine total flavonoid content of benzoin resin extract.The method involved extraction by maceration using 70% methanol, followed by isolation processes including phytochemical screening, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC), and column chromatography. Functional group identification was conducted using FTIR analysis. Total flavonoid content was determined using a spectrophotometric method with quercetin as the standard, resulting in a linear calibration curve with an R² value of 0.989. The results showed an average total flavonoid content of 6.0381 mgQE/g extract.Overall, the findings indicate that the methanol extract of benzoin resin contains a relatively high level of flavonoids. These results suggest that benzoin resin has promising potential to be developed as a natural source for health and pharmaceutical applications.
Copyright (c) 2026 Elizabet Silaban, Manihar Situmorang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Simulasi Proses Distribusi dalam Peningkatan Kecepatan Pengiriman Dengan Pendekatan Business Process Improvement (BPI)
This study aims to analyze and improve the product distribution process at PT. Mulia Jaya, which experiences delivery delays. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using the Business Process Improvement (BPI) method supported by Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) modeling and simulation using Arena software. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation to identify value-added and non-value-added activities. The results indicate that delays are caused by high waiting times and bottlenecks in the product preparation and loading processes. Simulation results in the existing condition show that the average total distribution process time is 5.45 hours. Scenario 1 was conducted by adding a server to the loading process, reducing the process time to 5.07 hours or by 6.97%. Meanwhile, Scenario 2 involved adding transportation resources, resulting in an average process time of 5.25 hours or a reduction of 3.58%. Based on the simulation results, Scenario 1 is considered the most optimal improvement alternative because it provides the greatest reduction in process time and improves distribution efficiency.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vinda Ilman Nafiah; Putri Amelia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Morfologi dan Kekuatan Otot Quadriceps Femoris dengan Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome pada Olahragawan
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome is a clinical condition characterized by anterior knee pain that commonly occurs in athletes. The development of PFPS is multifactorial, one of which is weakness of the quadriceps femoris muscle. Specifically, atrophy of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) muscle may also contribute to knee instability, which is associated with a greater risk of sports-related injuries. This study aimed to determine the relationship between quadriceps femoris muscle morphology, muscle strength, and PFPS in athletes. This study employed a cross-sectional design involving 74 athletes aged 16–22 years selected through purposive sampling. Muscle morphology was assessed by measuring the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the VMO using musculoskeletal ultrasonography. Muscle strength was measured using a hand-held dynamometer, while PFPS was identified using the Kujala Questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman’s rho bivariate test.The results demonstrated a significant positive correlation between VMO CSA morphology and Kujala scores (r = 0.24; p = 0.040), as well as between VMO CSA morphology and quadriceps femoris muscle strength (r = 0.30; p = 0.011). However, no significant correlation was found between quadriceps femoris muscle strength and Kujala scores (r = 0.22; p = 0.061). The morphology of the VMO muscle was significantly associated with the incidence of PFPS and quadriceps femoris muscle strength in athletes. These findings support the use of VMO CSA symmetry monitoring as part of early PFPS risk screening and emphasize the importance of a multisegmental approach in PFPS prevention programs for athletes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Putu Diah Asyana Putri, I Putu Gde Surya Adhitya, I Gede Eka Juli Prasana, Govinda Vittala https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Tinggi Badan terhadap Fungsional Bahu pada Pitcher Baseball di Bali
Baseball pitchers are overhead athletes at high risk of shoulder dysfunction due to repetitive pitching movements with high biomechanical loads. Height can help increase a pitcher's throwing velocity but is also thought to contribute to increased mechanical loads on the shoulder during pitching through increased arm length, stride length, and shoulder torque. However, the relationship between height and shoulder function in baseball pitchers remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the relationship between height and shoulder function in baseball pitchers in Bali. The study used a cross-sectional design with 100 baseball pitchers aged 15–25 years selected by purposive sampling. Height was measured using a stadiometer, while shoulder function was measured using the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopedic Clinic (KJOC) Score questionnaire. Statistical analysis used the Spearman's rho bivariate test. A significant negative relationship was found between height and KJOC score (r=-0.119 and p=0.240). These findings indicate that height has no significant relationship to shoulder function in baseball pitchers in Bali. Shoulder function is thought to be more influenced by other factors such as pitching biomechanics, neuromuscular control, muscle strength, and adaptation to repetitive pitching activity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Januardha Valerio Itta, I Gede Eka Juli Prasana, Ni Luh Nopi Andayani, Anak Agung Gede Angga Puspa Negara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Ekstraksi Maserasi Menggunakan Pelarut Etanol 70% dan Etanol 96% Terhadap Kadar Flavonoid Total pada Rumput Laut Coklat (Sargassum polycystum)
Brown seaweed Sargassum polycystum is a natural resource with significant potential as a source of bioactive compounds, particularly flavonoids, which are known for their antioxidant properties. The extraction process plays a crucial role in determining the yield of these compounds, especially the type and concentration of the solvent used. This study aims to evaluate the effect of using 70% ethanol and 96% ethanol as solvents in the maceration method on the total flavonoid content of Sargassum polycystum extract. The samples were collected from Air Langkap Beach, South Bengkulu, then dried, powdered, and subjected to maceration using both solvents with the same solvent-to-material ratio. The obtained extracts were concentrated and analyzed for total flavonoid content using UV-Visible spectrophotometry with aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) reagent and quercetin as a standard. Measurements were conducted at the maximum wavelength obtained from scanning, and the results were expressed as milligrams of quercetin equivalent per gram of extract (mg QE/g). Data were statistically analyzed using parametric or non-parametric tests depending on data distribution to determine significant differences between treatments. The results are expected to show differences in total flavonoid content between extracts obtained using 70% and 96% ethanol, thereby identifying the more effective solvent for extracting flavonoids from Sargassum polycystum. This study is expected to contribute to the development of extraction methods and the utilization of seaweed as a pharmaceutical raw material.
Copyright (c) 2026 Meyriska Muna Anissa, Dwi Kurnia Putri, Rose Intan Perma Sari, Tri Danang Kurniawan, Samwilson Slamet https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Perbandingan Efektivitas Kombinasi OHO (Obat Hipoglikemik Oral) Terhadap Gula Darah Puasa Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Comparison of the Effectiveness of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents (OHO) on Fasting Blood Glucose Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, leading to increased blood glucose levels. Optimal blood glucose control is necessary to prevent long-term complications. One of the parameters used to assess glycemic control is Fasting Blood Glucose (FBS). This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the combination of metformin-glimepiride and metformin-gliclazide on FBS levels in T2DM patients. This study is a quantitative, observational, and analytical study using a cross-sectional approach. Data were obtained from the medical records of outpatients with T2DM at K.R.M.T. Wongsonegoro Regional General Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023. The study sample consisted of 50 patients selected using a purposive sampling technique, consisting of 25 patients receiving metformin-glimepiride therapy and 25 patients receiving metformin-gliclazide therapy. Data analysis was performed using the Paired T-Test, Mann–Whitney, and Independent T-Test. The results showed that both therapy combinations resulted in significant reductions in GDP after three months of therapy. The Mann–Whitney test showed no significant difference in GDP reduction between the two groups. However, the Independent T-Test showed a significant difference in final GDP levels, with the metformin-gliclazide group having a lower mean final GDP than the metformin-glimepiride group. Therefore, the metformin-gliclazide combination is superior in controlling GDP levels in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to the metformin-glimepiride combination.
Copyright (c) 2026 Talitha Elliora Salsabilla, Zulfachmi Wahab, Yanuarita Tursinawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Perilaku Kerja Yang Aman dalam Penyemprotan Pestisida Berdasarkan Health Belief Model pada Petani Penyemprot Pestisida (Studi Kasus di Kelurahan Tuatuka, Kecamatan Kupang Timur, Kabupaten Kupang)
Pesticide spraying is an agricultural activity that poses potential health risks due to exposure to hazardous chemical substances. The adoption of safe work practices is essential to minimize the risk of pesticide poisoning; however, such practices may be influenced by individual perceptions as described in the Health Belief Model. This study aimed to examine the association between perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action and safe work behavior among pesticide applicators in Tuatuka Village, East Kupang District, Kupang Regency. An analytical quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 92 pesticide-spraying farmers selected through total sampling. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-square test at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The findings revealed that 63.0% of respondents demonstrated safe work behavior. Bivariate analysis showed a significant association between perceived benefits and safe work behavior (p = 0.000). In contrast, perceived susceptibility (p = 0.424), perceived severity (p = 0.068), perceived barriers (p = 0.058), and cues to action (p = 0.185) were not significantly associated with safe work behavior. These findings suggest that perceived benefits play a pivotal role in encouraging the adoption of safe work practices during pesticide application. Strengthening health promotion and educational interventions that emphasize the benefits of safe work practices may contribute to improving occupational safety and health among pesticide applicators.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eva Magdalena Elisabeth Taklal, Luh Putu Ruliati, Noorce Ch. Berek, Jacob M. Ratu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengalaman Santriwati dalam Menghadapi Tekanan Ganda (Double Pressure) di Pondok Pesantren
The phenomenon of psychological pressure on female students in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) is becoming an increasingly important issue to study, especially when this pressure arises simultaneously from the family and social environment of the pesantren. This condition is known as double pressure, a situation where an individual faces demands, expectations, and conflicts from two different sources simultaneously. Family pressure can take the form of academic demands, Quran memorization, and future hopes, while social pressure arises through friendship conflicts, ostracism, verbal bullying, and the need for social acceptance. This study aims to analyze the forms of double pressure experienced by female students, the psychological and social impacts they cause, as well as coping strategies and the application of tazkiyatun nafs in dealing with this pressure at the An-Nahdlah Islamic Boarding School in Makassar. The study used a qualitative approach with a phenomenological research type. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation of four female students experiencing double pressure. Data analysis was conducted using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that the dual pressures faced by female students stem from the simultaneous demands of family and friendship dynamics at Islamic boarding schools. This situation results in psychological impacts such as stress, anxiety, emotional exhaustion, overthinking, decreased motivation to learn, and disrupted social relationships. To deal with these pressures, female students employ emotional, social, and religious coping strategies. The main findings of this study indicate that the practice of tazkiyatun nafs (selfcontrol) through prayer, supplication, dhikr (remembrance of God), reading the Quran, self-reflection (introspection), tawakal (religious devotion), and husnuzan (assertion) are the most dominant coping mechanisms in helping female students achieve inner peace and increase self-resilience. These findings contribute to the development of Islamic psychology studies and Islamic counseling in understanding the experience of dual pressures and strategies for managing them among female students in Islamic boarding schools.
Copyright (c) 2026 Syafiqah Salsabila Subhan, Emilia Mustary, Muhammad Haramain https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementasi Program Pemberian Tablet Tambah Darah Pada Remaja Putri di SMA Negeri 5 Kota Kupang
Anemia among adolescent girls remains a health issue with the potential to affect their future health. The distribution of iron supplements is one of the government’s strategies to prevent anemia and contribute to reducing stunting. This study aims to examine the implementation of the iron supplement program among adolescent girls at State Senior High School 5 in Kupang City using a qualitative descriptive approach. Informants were selected through purposive sampling, including public health center staff, school officials, and students, with data collection techniques involving in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The results indicate that the program’s objectives are well understood by public health center staff, but understanding at the school and student levels remains limited. The program has effectively reached its target audience and is supported by sufficient resources. Although communication among stakeholders has been established, activity reporting remains inconsistent, and monitoring of tablet consumption is still suboptimal. Additionally, side effects have impacted student adherence. Overall, program implementation has proceeded fairly well, but improvements are needed in education, monitoring, and reporting systems to enhance the program’s effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maria Frida Bahan, Masrida Sinaga, Tanti Rahayu, Rina Waty Sirait https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Hubungan Shift Kerja dengan Stres Kerja pada Perawat di Rumah Sakit Semen Padang Hospital Tahun 2025
In healthcare settings, nurses play a crucial role as frontline providers in delivering patient care. However, this responsibility often results in high job demands, contributing to both physical and psychological burdens. This study employed a quantitative approach with an analytical observational design using a cross-sectional method. The study variables included demographic factors (age, length of service, and marital status) as independent variables, work shift as the main independent variable, and work stress as the dependent variable. The sample consisted of 69 nurses at Semen Padang Hospital (SPH), selected using a total sampling technique. The results showed a significant relationship between work shift and work stress (p-value = 0.012). Work shift can be considered one of the factors influencing work stress, indicating that appropriate shift arrangements may reduce the risk of work-related stress. It is recommended that hospital management optimize shift work arrangements through workload redistribution, particularly during morning and afternoon shifts, implementation of fair shift rotations, and provision of adequate rest periods. In addition, simplifying administrative tasks, enhancing organizational support, and implementing stress management programs are necessary to reduce nurses’ work stress levels.
Copyright (c) 2026 Astrina Aulia, Sonia Fitri Muliana, Miftahurrahmi Fitri, Fluorina Oryza Muslim, Silvia Nengcy, Marhadi Efendi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tinjauan Naratif: Bawang Hitam (Allium sativum L.) sebagai Agen Nefroprotektif dan Perubahan Berat Badan pada Model Nefrotoksisitas Gentamisin
Black garlic is the product of fermenting fresh garlic (Allium sativum L.), which is rich in bioactive compounds such as S-allyl cysteine, polyphenols, and flavonoids with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. These compounds have potential as nephroprotectors against gentamicin-induced kidney damage. This narrative review seeks to consolidate evidence regarding black garlic's nephroprotective mechanisms, dose-response patterns in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity, and its impact on body weight variations. Literature was sourced from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Sinta, covering the publication period 2020–2025, using the keywords black garlic; nephroprotective; nephrotoxicity; and Allium sativum. The results of the review indicate that S-allyl cysteine and flavonoids act by inhibiting ROS and increasing SOD, GPx, and CAT; suppressing NF-kB accompanied by a decrease in TNF-alpha and IL-6; regulation of the Bcl-2/Bax ratio along with caspase-3 suppression, plus enhanced renal hemodynamics through nitric oxide.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jauharotul Firdausiyah, Riana Putri Rahmawati, Intan Adevia Rosnarita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Optimasi Konsentrasi PVA (Polyvynil Alcohol) terhadap Karakteristik Dan Aktivitas Antibakteri (Cutibacterium Acnes) pada Masker Gel Peel Off Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera L.)
Acne is a common dermatological problem in tropical countries with high humidity and pollution levels. One of its causes is the growth of Cutibacterium acnes, which can trigger skin irritation and inflammation. Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera L.) contain bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, that possess antibacterial properties. This study aimed to determine the optimum concentration of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a film forming agent in a peel off gel mask containing Moringa leaf extract and to evaluate its antibacterial activity against Cutibacterium acnes as well as its physical characteristics. Moringa leaf extract was obtained through maceration using 96% ethanol. Peel off gel mask formulations were prepared with varying PVA concentrations: 10% (F1), 12% (F2), and 14% (F3). Physical evaluations included organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, adhesion, and drying time. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the well diffusion method. Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA followed by the LSD Post Hoc test. The results showed that all formulations met the required physical characteristics of peel off gel masks. Antibacterial testing demonstrated that F1 produced the largest inhibition zone (8.1 mm), F2 (7.5 mm) and F3 (6.7 mm). Statistical analysis indicated significant differences among the formulations (p<0.05). The study concluded that variations in PVA concentration influenced the antibacterial activity of the peel off gel mask. Formula F1 containing 10% PVA was identified as the optimum formulation due to its favorable physical characteristics and highest antibacterial activity against Cutibacterium acnes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Astrit Sulastri, Hasriyani Hasriyani, Fahrudin Arif https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Optimalisasi Waktu Tunggu dan Alur Pelayanan Obat Rawat Jalan di RSI Nu Demak dengan Pendekatan Lean Hospital
The development of the hospital sector demands fast, efficient, and high-quality healthcare services, including pharmaceutical services. Waiting time for medication is an important indicator in assessing the quality of outpatient pharmacy services. This study aims to analyze waiting time for medication services, identify waste based on the Lean Hospital concept, and evaluate service flows to improve pharmacy service efficiency. This study used an observational method with a quantitative descriptive approach and was conducted in January 2026. The study sample consisted of 100 outpatient prescriptions determined using the Slovin formula and 23 pharmacists selected using a total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through direct observation, questionnaires as primary data, and secondary data from the hospital information system (Hosmis). Data analysis was conducted using univariate and descriptive methods. The results showed that outpatient drug services were dominated by non-compounded prescriptions. Waiting times for both non-compounded and compounded prescriptions were still within the standard limits set by Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 30 of 2022 concerning National Indicators of Health Service Quality. The implementation of Lean Hospital showed that most aspects, such as motion, inventory, and service flow, were running well. However, waste was still found in transportation, waiting, and overprocessing. The medication service flow was considered clear, structured, and supported service efficiency. The conclusion of this study is that the implementation of Lean Hospital in the outpatient pharmacy installation has been running quite well but not optimally. Improvements are needed, especially in reducing waste and improving coordination between staff to improve service efficiency and optimize the quality of pharmaceutical services.
Copyright (c) 2026 Annisa Nila Agustin Agustin, Ria Etikasari, Ahmad Suriyadi Muslim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Manajemen dalam Rantai Layanan Tuberkulosis di Negara Berkembang (Systematic Literature Review)
Tuberculosis remains a public health problem in developing countries due to the high disease burden, delayed diagnosis, unequal access to services, drug resistance, social stigma, and weak program sustainability. Although various TB control policies and interventions are in place, achievements in prevention, case detection, and treatment have not fully met program targets. This study aims to analyze implementation gaps in the tuberculosis service chain in developing countries, particularly regarding prevention management, case detection, and treatment. The study employs a Systematic Literature Review method using a critical narrative synthesis approach. Articles were searched via Google Scholar, PubMed, NCBI, Elsevier, and Sinta using the keywords “Global Tuberculosis Cases,” “Tuberculosis Case Detection,” “Tuberculosis Control,” and “Tuberculosis Prevention.” Article selection was conducted in accordance with PRISMA. Of the 3,607,463 initial articles, 2,523 were screened based on title and abstract, 1,505 were assessed for full-text eligibility, and 29 met the criteria for analysis. Research findings indicate that TB prevention is still hampered by uneven intervention coverage, poor TB-HIV integration, inconsistent preventive behaviors, and environmental factors. Case detection continues to face obstacles such as delayed diagnosis, low continuity from screening to diagnostic testing, and weak reporting. TB management is still burdened by treatment discontinuation, MDR/XDR-TB, catastrophic costs, stigma, and suboptimal monitoring. These findings underscore that TB control in developing countries requires integrated management that links prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, patient support, and surveillance into a single, continuous service chain.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yusniar Aviva Nur Yusuf, Andi Susilawati, Fatmawaty Mallapiang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Analysis of Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) in the Therapy of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in the Inpatient Installation of X Hospital, Medan
Chronic kidney disease is a progressive disorder that is often accompanied by complications and requires complex therapy, thus increasing the risk of Drug Related Problems (DRPs). The occurrence of DRPs can affect Clinical Outcomes in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the occurrence of DRPs and its relationship to the Clinical Outcomes of patients with chronic kidney disease in the Inpatient Installation of X Medan Hospital for the period January - December 2025. The method used was a descriptive analytical observation with a retrospective cross-sectional design with medical record data. The study sample was 57 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Data analyzed included patient characteristics, drug use, DRPs occurrence based on the Pharmaceutical Network Europe (PCNE) classification, clinical outcomes including blood pressure, hemoglobin and creatinine. The results of the study showed that the majority of patients were male (56.1%), for the 46-65 age group 59.6%, the most commonly used oats were sodium bicarbonate (52.63%), furosemide (43.86%). The incidence of DRPs in 41 patients (71.9%), with indications not being treated (73.17%), and potential interactions (26.83%). The clinical outcomes of most patients had not reached the therapeutic targets, namely, blood pressure (61.4%), hemoglobin (60.7%), and creatinine (57.9%). The conclusion of this study indicates that the incidence of DRPs in patients with chronic kidney failure is still high, potentially affecting clinical outcomes. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the role of clinical pharmacists in identifying and monitoring therapy to improve the success of patient therapy.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kukuh Putri Lestari, Husnawati Husnawati, Prasojo Pribadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Gambaran Faktor Penyebab Kejadian Tuberkulosis (TB) Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tenateke Sumba Barat Daya Tahun 2025
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, this bacteria usually attacks the lungs, but TB bacteria can also attack any part of the body such as the spine and brain. This study aims to describe the causes of pulmonary TB such as ventilation, floor type, temperature, humidity, residential density, contact history, ownership and location of livestock pens, and smoking habits. This type of research is descriptive research, namely a research method carried out with the main objective of creating a more objective picture of a situation with a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study was selected using total sampling with a total sample of 34 pulmonary TB sufferers. Data were collected through interviews using questionnaires and observations of the physical condition of the sample houses and analysis was carried out univariately. The results showed that ventilation, floor type, temperature, humidity, contact history, ownership and location of livestock pens had a percentage above fifty percent that met health requirements, while for residential density and smoking habits had a percentage above fifty percent that did not meet health requirements. This study concluded that ventilation, floor type, temperature, humidity, contact history, ownership and location of livestock pens were in the good category, while residential density and smoking habits were in the bad category.
Copyright (c) 2026 Klemens Nikander Dapa Ghuda, Yendris K. Syamruth, Sigit Purnawan, Imelda F.E. Manurung https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Pemeringkatan Bintang Jalan Akses Pasar Keputran Kota Surabaya
Major cities in Indonesia face various challenges in public services, particularly in the transportation sector, where traffic congestion has become an increasingly complex issue. Surabaya, as one of the metropolitan cities with a population of 2,893,698, has experienced a significant increase in the number of motor vehicles, reaching more than 4 million units in 2022. This condition has contributed to the decline in road network performance, especially in areas with high economic activity such as Pasar Keputran. This traditional market serves as a major distribution center for vegetables and food commodities, with intensive activities occurring both during the day and at night. The main problems identified include illegal parking, limited parking facilities, loading and unloading activities on the roadway, and inadequate road width. These factors disrupt traffic flow, reduce the level of service of the roads, and increase the risk of traffic accidents. This study aims to analyze the functional feasibility and service quality of road segments providing access to Pasar Keputran based on the criteria outlined in the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Housing No. 4 of 2023 concerning Road Functional Feasibility Guidelines. The method used is the Star Rating Score (SRS), which considers safety aspects, geometric and physical road conditions, land use, and traffic flow characteristics. Data were collected through field observations and technical assessments in accordance with applicable standards. The results of this study are expected to provide a basis for local governments in formulating traffic management policies, optimizing road functions, and improving safety as well as the quality of public services in the Pasar Keputran area of Surabaya in a sustainable manner.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vicky Kheir Riva; Nurani Hartatik, Mochamad Firmansyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pencemaran Mikroplastik Di Perairan dan Dampaknya terhadap Organisme Perikanan: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis
Microplastic pollution in aquatic environments has emerged as a pressing global environmental concern; however, a comprehensive understanding of its extent and impacts in Indonesia remains limited. This study aimed to analyze the levels and distribution of microplastic contamination across different water body types in Indonesia, identify the characteristics of microplastics found, assess their impacts on fishery organisms, and identify factors influencing contamination and organism vulnerability. A systematic literature review (SLR) following PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted, analyzing 17 empirical research articles published between 2021 and 2026 that met pre-defined inclusion criteria. Results revealed that microplastics were detected across all water body types examined—including rivers, reservoirs, lakes, coastal areas, open sea, and mangrove ecosystems—with concentrations ranging from 0.012–0.42 particles/L in water, 320–1,710 particles/kg dry weight in sediment, and 0.5–8.7 particles/individual in organisms. Fiber was the dominant morphological form (94.1% of studies), with polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) as the most prevalent polymers, and particles <1 mm in size being the most commonly reported. Impacts on fishery organisms included accumulation prevalence approaching 100% in all fish species studied, histopathological damage to gills, liver, and intestines, elevated oxidative stress (increased MDA, altered SOD and CAT activity), and identified trophic transfer in several ecosystems. The primary factors driving contamination were domestic waste (textile fibers), water hydrodynamics, ecosystem type, and organism feeding habits. These findings underscore the urgency of strengthening plastic waste management regulations, standardizing monitoring protocols, and expanding research coverage beyond the island of Java.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tiara Zirianda; Abdunnur, Heni Pagoray, Fitriyana, Komsanah Sukarti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exogenous Cushing Syndrome pada Kasus Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Cushing's syndrome (CS) is a group of signs and symptoms caused by chronic exposure to excess glucocorticoids. There are two types of Cushing's syndrome, endogenous and exogenous. Exogenous Cushing's syndrome, is a consequence of prolonged exposure to glucocorticoid drugs. Hypercortisolism is characterized by specific clinical features (moon face, facial plethora, striae rubrae, and supraclavicular and dorsal fat pads), as well as metabolic complications such as visceral obesity, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, osteoporosis, and detrimental effects on the brain, including hippocampal damage and memory impairment. Exogenous Cushing's syndrome is characterized by low serum cortisol levels in the morning. Discontinuation of exogenous glucocorticoids is the main pillar that must be carried out in exogenous Cushing's syndrome
Copyright (c) 2026 I Gusti Agung Ayu Indrayuni, Wira Gotera, Ida Bagus Aditya Nugraha3 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Kekuatan Otot Tungkai Dengan Keseimbangan Dinamis Dan Kelincahan Pada Pemain Bulu Tangkis Rekreasional Di Kota Denpasar
Badminton is a sport that requires physical abilities such as lower limb muscle strength, dynamic balance, and agility to support movement performance on the court. These components play important roles in body stability, changes of direction, acceleration, deceleration, and movement speed. This study aimed to determine the relationship between lower limb muscle strength, dynamic balance, and agility among recreational badminton players in Denpasar City. This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 60 recreational badminton players were selected using purposive sampling. Lower limb muscle strength was measured using a leg dynamometer, dynamic balance was assessed using the Y-Balance Test, and agility was evaluated using the Agility T-Test. Data were analyzed using Spearman rho correlation because one variable was not normally distributed. The results showed no significant relationship between lower limb muscle strength and dynamic balance (r = 0.215; p = 0.100). However, a significant relationship was found between lower limb muscle strength and agility (r = -0.618; p = 0.000). The negative correlation indicates that higher lower limb muscle strength is associated with shorter Agility T-Test completion time, reflecting better agility performance. In conclusion, lower limb muscle strength was not significantly associated with dynamic balance but was significantly associated with agility among recreational badminton players in Denpasar City.
Copyright (c) 2026 I Wayan Denny Darmawan, Sayu Aryantari Putri Thanaya, Ni Wayan Tianing, Indah Pramita https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Faktor Ketepatan Koding Pasien Catin di Puskesmas Sukorejo Pasuruan
Ketepatan pengkodean diagnosis merupakan aspek penting dalam menjaga kualitas data rekam medis dan pelaporan kesehatan. Hasil studi pendahuluan terhadap 25 rekam medis catin didapatkan 100% koding catin yang tidak tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor penyebab ketidaktepatan koding pasien catin menggunakan metode Root Cause Analysis (RCA). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi dokumen rekam medis catin sebanyak 104 dan wawancara kepada 3 responden yaitu DPJP, petugas kesehatan reproduksi, dan kepala puskesmas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat ketidaktepatan pengkodean masih tinggi dengan Z02.8 sebanyak 101 kasus (97%), Z11.5 terdapat 1 kasus (1%), Z11.4 terdapat 2 kasus (2%), dan Z11.3 (0%). Hasil analisis RCA menggunakan fishbone diagram menunjukkan bahwa penyebab ketidaktepatan koding meliputi belum tersedia SOP khusus pengkodean pasien catin, kurangnya pelatihan dan kompetensi koder, keterbatasan koder, dan keterbatasan fitur pada RME. Kesimpulan penelitian ini perlu dilakukan perbaikan melalui penyusunan SOP, peningkatan kompetensi SDM, dan pembagian tugas koder oleh PMIK.
Copyright (c) 2026 Resta Yuliani, Resta Dwi Yuliani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integrasi Bahasa Ritual Pengobatan Wonge dalam Teknologi Kesehatan Digital untuk Peningkatan Pemanfaatan Puskesmas di Kecamatan Pulau Ternate
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran bahasa ritual pengobatan Wonge dalam membentuk kepercayaan dan perilaku masyarakat terhadap pemanfaatan layanan Puskesmas, mengkaji persepsi masyarakat dan tenaga kesehatan terhadap pemanfaatan teknologi kesehatan digital berbasis budaya lokal, serta merumuskan bentuk integrasi bahasa ritual Wonge ke dalam komunikasi kesehatan digital. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Hiri, Kecamatan Pulau Ternate, Kota Ternate. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan Wonge Ma’oti sebagai pelaksana ritual Wonge, masyarakat, pasien pengguna layanan Puskesmas, dan tenaga kesehatan, serta didukung oleh observasi dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahasa ritual Wonge masih dipertahankan dalam praktik pengobatan tradisional masyarakat Pulau Hiri dan digunakan dalam proses tike sababu, yaitu pencarian penyebab penyakit yang memengaruhi kepercayaan serta keputusan pengobatan masyarakat. Temuan penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat dan tenaga kesehatan memiliki persepsi positif terhadap pemanfaatan teknologi kesehatan digital yang mengakomodasi bahasa dan budaya lokal. Selain itu, media komunikasi kesehatan yang tersedia belum memanfaatkan Bahasa Ternate secara optimal. Bentuk integrasi yang direkomendasikan meliputi penggunaan Bahasa Ternate dan unsur bahasa ritual Wonge dalam media edukasi kesehatan digital berbasis audio-visual. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa integrasi bahasa ritual Wonge dalam teknologi kesehatan digital berpotensi meningkatkan efektivitas komunikasi kesehatan dan pemanfaatan layanan Puskesmas serta menjadi dasar konseptual bagi pengembangan Ma’sou sebagai model komunikasi kesehatan digital berbasis budaya lokal masyarakat Ternate.
Copyright (c) 2026 Supriadi Im, Sarmina Ati, Irma Ibrahim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Work-Family Conflict dan Family-Work Conflict terhadap Fear of Success pada Pegawai Negeri Sipil Perempuan
Horner explained that the fear of success arises from a fundamental fear of losing femininity due to the negative consequences associated with women's achievements in fields traditionally dominated by men, including social disapproval and rejection. This fear is rooted in societal expectations (Ivers & Downes, 2012; Moulik & Ray, 2023). Social norms often portray women as feminine, obedient, devoted, passive, responsible for household duties, and accountable for others, leading many women to fear violating these norms as a consequence of achieving success (Dewi, 2017). Furthermore, patriarchal cultural values that associate women primarily with domestic responsibilities reinforce social sanctions against women who pursue career advancement. Netemeyer et al. (1996) conceptualized Work-Family Conflict in two primary directions: work interfering with family (WFC) and family interfering with work (FWC). This study aimed to examine the influence of Work-Family Conflict and Family-Work Conflict on Fear of Success among female employees. A quantitative research design was employed, and data were collected using a nonprobability sampling approach, specifically purposive sampling, involving 311 participants. The findings revealed that Work-Family Conflict had a positive and significant effect on Fear of Success, with a path coefficient of 0.321, a T-statistic of 9.435 (> 1.96), and a P-value of 0.000 (< 0.05). Similarly, Family-Work Conflict also had a positive and significant effect on Fear of Success, with a path coefficient of 0.242, a T-statistic of 6.843 (> 1.96), and a P-value of 0.000 (< 0.05).
Copyright (c) 2026 Friska Pontoria https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Kesehatan Mental Ditinjau dari Kecemasan Akademik dan Dukungan Sosial Guru pada Siswa SMP Negeri 2 Gempol
This study aimed to analyze the effects of academic anxiety and teacher social support on the mental health of students at SMP Negeri 2 Gempol. A quantitative approach with a correlational design was employed. The sample size consisted of 275 seventh- and eighth-grade students and was determined using the Slovin formula. Data were collected through a mental health scale, an academic anxiety scale, and a teacher social support scale and were subsequently analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that academic anxiety and teacher social support simultaneously had a significant effect on students’ mental health, with a significance value below 0.001 and a coefficient of determination of 0.344. These findings indicate that the two variables explained 34.4 percent of the variation in students’ mental health. Partially, academic anxiety had a negative effect on mental health, whereas teacher social support had a positive effect. Teacher social support provided an effective contribution of 22.14 percent, which was greater than the 12.24 percent contribution of academic anxiety. The study concludes that higher academic anxiety is associated with poorer mental health, while stronger teacher social support is associated with better mental health among students.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nizarotul Amalia Zahro, Estalita Kelly https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Identifikasi Bakteri Mycobacteriumtuberculosis dengan Metode TCM (Tes Cepat Molekuler) pada Pasien Suspek di RSUD Palembang Bari Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that remains a serious public health problem worldwide. The disease is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and can spread through the air when infected individuals cough, sneeze, spit, or speak. Because transmission occurs easily, early diagnosis and rapid treatment are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality rates. The purpose of this examination was to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis in suspected TB patients at Palembang BARI Regional General Hospital. The examination used the Molecular Rapid Test (TCM) with the GeneXpert instrument. This method is a semi quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay (RT-PCR) designed to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA quickly, automatically, and accurately using a single use cartridge. The TCM method offers several advantages, including a short examination time of approximately two hours and the ability to detect at least 131 bacteria per milliliter of sputum sample. Results from 13 respondents showed that 6 samples were positive (MTB detected), 6 samples were negative (MTB not detected), and 1 sample was indeterminate. Based on these findings, the TCM examination demonstrated higher sensitivity and specificity than conventional diagnostic methods for detecting tuberculosis effectively and accurately. Furthermore, the TCM method helps healthcare workers determine appropriate treatment rapidly, allowing patients to receive management and reducing the risk of disease transmission within the community. Therefore, the use of GeneXpert technology is expected to support tuberculosis control and prevention programs in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muslimin Muslimin, Rahayu Rahayu, Minarti Minarti, Ali Zainal Abidin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Aktivitas Antibakteri Gel Ekstrak Daun Kelengkeng (Dimocarpus Longan L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus dengan Metode Difusi Sumuran
Longan leaves (Dimocarpus longan L.) contain secondary metabolite compounds flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids that can be used as antibacterials in making gel preparations. Longan leaf extract gel preparations can be used as a substitute for gel preparations with excess conventional ingredients, safe for the skin and long-term use. The purpose of this study was to analyze the antibacterial activity of longan leaf extract gel preparations against Staphylococcus aureus. Longan leaf extract was extracted using 96% ethanol solvent by Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) method at 40 ℃ for 20 minutes. Qualitative testing of metabolite compounds includes flavonoids, tannins, saponins and alkaloids. Longan leaf extract gel preparations were formulated with concentrations of F1 (2%), F2 (4%), F3 (6%). Antibacterial activity was tested using the well diffusion method by forming wells on the surface of the agar medium. The data obtained were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA test to obtain the average value and showed significant differences. The results of the longan leaf extract gel preparation formulation study showed that the physical quality of the preparation met the requirements. In the antibacterial activity test of the gel preparation, the inhibition zone value F0 was found to be no inhibition zone; F1 (2%) 6.56 ± 1.338 mm (moderate); F2 (4%) 8.45 ± 1.131 mm (moderate); F3 (6%) 9.29 ± 1.130 mm (moderate); positive control gel clindamycin phosphate 1% 26.73 ± 0.335 mm (very strong) and negative control distilled water had no inhibition zone. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that longan leaf extract gel has potential as an antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus which is significantly different (<0.05).
Copyright (c) 2026 Anggi Lisa Talia, Riana Putri Rahmawati, Istianatus Sunnah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengembangan E-LKPD Menggunakan Liveworksheet pada Pembelajaran Matematika dengan Konteks Keislaman
This study aims to develop a Liveworksheet-based E-LKPD for mathematics learning by integrating Islamic contexts that is valid, practical, and effective. This research employed a Research and Development (R&D) method by adapting the ADDIE model, which consists of the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The subjects of this study were students of class VII.6 at SMP Negeri 7 Bukittinggi. The research instruments included material expert and media expert validation sheets, teacher and student response questionnaires, and student learning outcome tests. The data were analyzed using percentage analysis techniques. The results showed that the Liveworksheet-based E-LKPD with an Islamic context achieved a validity level of 88% categorized as very valid, a practicality level of 86% categorized as very practical, and an effectiveness level of 78.57% categorized as effective. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the Liveworksheet-based E-LKPD with an Islamic context is feasible to be used as digital teaching material in seventh-grade mathematics learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yola Mulia, M. Imamuddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
HUBUNGAN ANTARA DURASI DUDUK DENGAN TIGHTNESS OTOT HAMSTRING PADA PEDAGANG DI PANTAI KUTA, KABUPATEN BADUNG
Prolonged sitting duration is part of sedentary behavior that can affect muscle condition, particularly the hamstring muscles. Sitting for extended periods causes the hamstring muscles to remain in a continuously shortened position, which may lead to hamstring muscle tightness. Traditional market sellers are one of the occupational groups at risk of experiencing this condition due to their work activities, which are dominated by long sitting duration. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between sitting duration and hamstring muscle tightness among traditional market sellers at Kuta Beach.This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The subject consisted of 52 selected using purposive sampling technique. Sitting duration data were obtained through interviews using a questionnaire, while hamstring muscle tightness was measured using the Active knee extension method. Data were analyzed using the Spearman rho test to determine the relationship between sitting duration and hamstring muscle tightness.The results showed that most traditional market sellers had long sitting duration and experienced moderate to severe hamstring muscle tightness. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between sitting duration and hamstring muscle tightness (p = 0.002) with a moderate correlation strength (r = 0.420) and a positive direction, indicating that longer sitting duration is associated with higher levels of hamstring muscle tightness.In conclusion, sitting duration has a significant relationship with hamstring muscle tightness among traditional market sellers at Kuta Beach. Therefore, reducing prolonged sitting duration and performing regular stretching are recommended to prevent increased hamstring muscle tightness among traditional market seller.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Putu Intan Sekarini, I Putu Yudi Pramana Putra, Ari Wibawa , Made Hendra Nugraha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Kualitas Hidup Peserta Prolanis Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan Instrumen Dqol-BCI di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Mokoau Kendari
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that significantly impacts patients' quality of life, particularly among participants of the Chronic Disease Management Program (Prolanis) in primary healthcare facilities. Quality of life is an important indicator in evaluating the success of comprehensive chronic disease management. This study aimed to describe the quality of life of T2DM Prolanis participants at Puskesmas Mokoau, Kendari City, using the Diabetes Quality of Life Brief Clinical Inventory (DQoL-BCI) instrument. This was a descriptive quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of all T2DM Prolanis participants in the working area of Puskesmas Mokoau, Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi Province. Total sampling was employed, where all T2DM Prolanis participants who met the inclusion criteria were included as respondents, totaling 35 participants. Quality of life was measured using the DQoL-BCI instrument (Burroughs, 2004) comprising 15 items on a 1–5 Likert scale. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis including frequency distribution, mean, and standard deviation. Most respondents were aged 61–72 years (60.0%), female (57.1%), educated at diploma/bachelor level (68.6%), and had been diagnosed with DM for 1–2 years (60.0%). The quality of life of T2DM Prolanis participants showed that 48.6% had good quality of life, 25.7% moderate, and 25.7% poor, with a mean score of 55.63 ± 15.14. Nearly half of T2DM Prolanis participants had good quality of life; however, a significant proportion with moderate and poor quality of life requires further attention and intervention.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hilda Harun; Paridah Paridah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Sikap Mengenai Implementasi Teknologi Wolbachia-Aedes pada Tenaga Kesehatan Kota Cirebon
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever remains a public health problem, particularly in endemic areas of Indonesia where cases continue to increase. Wolbachia-Aedes technology is an innovative vector control strategy with the potential to reduce dengue virus transmission. Healthcare workers play an important role in educating the community and supporting public acceptance of this intervention. This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes regarding the implementation of Wolbachia-Aedes technology among healthcare workers in Cirebon City. Methods: This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of healthcare workers at public health centers in Cirebon City, with 126 respondents selected using cluster random sampling. The independent variable was knowledge, while the dependent variable was attitude toward the implementation of Wolbachia-Aedes technology. Data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed, and the Chi-square test was used to assess the relationship between variables. Results: Most respondents had good knowledge, totaling 100 respondents (79.4%), and 76 respondents (60.3%) showed a positive attitude. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between knowledge and attitudes regarding the implementation of Wolbachia-Aedes technology, with p=0.0001 and PR=14.143. Conclusion: Knowledge was significantly associated with healthcare workers’ attitudes toward the implementation of Wolbachia-Aedes technology in Cirebon City. Healthcare workers with better knowledge tended to have more positive attitudes toward the implementation of Wolbachia-Aedes technology.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tajudin Tajudin, Muhammad Hussein G, Witri Pratiwi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementasi Decision Tree Sistem Monitoring Medan Listrik Atmosfer Berbasis IoT Menggunakan Sensor EFM (Electric Field Mill)
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menerapkan algoritma decision tree pada sistem monitoring medan listrik atmosfer yang berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) yang menggunakan sensor Electric Field Mill (EFM). Sistem ini terdiri dari sensor EFM, mikrokontroler ESP32, database cloud Supabase, dan dashboard monitoring web yang memungkinkan pengumpulan, penyimpanan, dan visualisasi data secara real - time. Data hasil pengukuran medan listrik atmosfer diproses melalui tahapan preprocessing. Tahapan ini termasuk transformasi fitur, normalisasi menggunakan skala Min-Max, dan penyeimbangan data menggunakan metode Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE). Setelah proses SMOTE, dataset awal dengan distribusi kelas yang tidak seimbang meningkat menjadi 828 data. Selanjutnya, kondisi atmosfer dimasukkan ke dalam kategori AMAN, WASPADA, dan BAHAYA menggunakan algoritma decision tree. Hasil uji 5-Fold stratified cross validation menunjukkan bahwa model menghasilkan nilai accuracy, precision, recall, dan skor F1 sebesar 100%. Selain itu, nilai rata-rata model sebesar 1,000 dengan standar deviasi 0,000, yang menunjukkan tingkat kestabilan model yang sangat baik. Menurut analisis nilai fitur, fitur Cuaca_PETIR dan kV_m_log adalah yang paling berpengaruh dalam proses klasifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa algoritma decision tree dapat diterapkan secara efektif pada sistem monitoring medan listrik atmosfer berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) untuk mendukung proses klasifikasi kondisi atmosfer secara otomatis dan real - time.
Copyright (c) 2026 Erlangga Keta Pratama, Masayu, Johansyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Bibliometrik Penelitian Kecerdasan Buatan dalam Pendidikan Tinggi dari Era Pra-Generative AI Hingga Kemunculan Chatgpt (2015-2025)
The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in higher education has grown significantly over the past decade, particularly following the emergence of generative AI technologies such as ChatGPT. This study aims to map the evolution of AI research in higher education from the pre–generative AI era to the emergence of ChatGPT using a bibliometric approach. Data were collected from the Scopus database covering the period 2015–2025 and analyzed using VOSviewer and RStudio with the bibliometrix package. The analysis employed multiple bibliometric techniques, including co-authorship, keyword co-occurrence, citation, co-citation, bibliographic coupling, and descriptive statistical analysis. The results show a substantial and exponential increase in publications, especially after 2020, with a total of 8,340 documents and an annual growth rate of 9.88%. The co-occurrence analysis reveals several major thematic clusters, ranging from technical aspects such as machine learning to pedagogical integration and the emergence of generative AI topics such as ChatGPT. Furthermore, the findings indicate a shift in research focus from technical and system-oriented approaches toward more pedagogical and normative dimensions, including issues of AI ethics and academic integrity. The co-authorship analysis shows that research collaboration remains fragmented, while global contributions are dominated by a limited number of countries. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the intellectual structure and development of AI research in higher education and highlights future research directions, particularly in interdisciplinary collaboration, ethical AI implementation, and inclusive knowledge development.
Copyright (c) 2026 Husnul Hatima; Alem Febri Sonni, Andi Subhan Amir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pemanfaatan Situs Sejarah Lokal Tugu Pancakara Ngesthi Aruming Bawana Sebagai Sumber Belajar Kontekstual Pembelajaran IPAS di Sekolah Dasar
Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan Sosial (IPAS) di tingkat sekolah dasar acap kali terpusat pada buku teks, menjadikan pemahaman sejarah terasa abstrak bagi kognisi anak. Fenomena ini tercermin pada siswa kelas VI di SDN Jarangan II, yang mayoritas belum mampu mengidentifikasi dan merefleksikan peristiwa sejarah lokal secara akurat. Untuk mengatasi kesenjangan tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi implementasi Tugu Pancakara Ngesthi Aruming Bawana sebagai sumber belajar kontekstual, serta mengevaluasi dampaknya terhadap pemahaman siswa. Penelitian ini mengaplikasikan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan melibatkan observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi langsung dengan situs sejarah lokal mampu mentransformasi materi hafalan menjadi pengalaman visual dan emosional yang otentik. Pemanfaatan monumen ini terbukti secara signifikan mendongkrak antusiasme, keaktifan, dan pemahaman kognitif siswa mengenai rentetan sejarah lokal. Kesimpulannya, pengintegrasian lingkungan sekitar sebagai sumber belajar merupakan strategi pedagogis yang amat efektif untuk menjembatani teori dan realitas, sekaligus merawat memori kolektif dan nasionalisme pada peserta didik.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mukhamad Fatkhan, Onik Farida Ni’matullah, Endang Surjati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Formulasi dan Uji Antibakteri Sediaan Pasta Gigi Ekstrak Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) dengan Bovine Hidroksiapatit (BHA)
Dental caries is an oral health problem caused by bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus. Parijoto fruit (Medinilla speciosa) contains secondary metabolites that have potential as antibacterial agent, while bovine hydroxyapatite (BHA) serves as a dental remineralizing agent. This study aims to formulate parijoto fruit extract toothpaste with BHA and evaluate its physical quality and antibacterial activity. This laboratory experimental study used four formulas, namely F0 (without extract), F1 (12.5% extract), F2 (15% extract), and F3 (17.5% parijoto extract). The extract was obtained by maceration method using 70% ethanol. Physical quality evaluation included organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and foam height, while antibacterial activity was tested by agar well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans. The Data were analyzed using statistical tests with significance level p < 0.05. Phytochemical screening results showed the presence of phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. All formulas meet the physical quality requirements of toothpaste based on SNI 12-3524-1995. The pH values F0–F3 are 9,30 ± 0,05; 5,61 ± 0,03; 5,53 ± 0,03; and 5.75 ° 0.05. The variation of extract concentration significantly affected the viscosity and foam height (p < 0.05). Antibacterial test results showed that F3 has the highest inhibitory power against Staphylococcus aureus and significantly different from the positive control (p < 0.05). Based on the results of research, parijoto fruit extract with BHA has the potential as a toothpaste preparation with good physical quality and antibacterial activity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Teguh Imanto, Ronindya Gerry Aprastya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik terhadap Sleep Quality pada Wanita Menopause
Physical activity is one of the factors that can influence sleep quality, particularly in menopausal women who experience various physiological changes due to declining estrogen levels. These hormonal changes can lead to sleep disturbances such as difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and a decline in overall sleep quality. Poor sleep quality can impact the physical and psychological health, as well as the quality of life, of menopausal women. Therefore, non-pharmacological interventions are needed to help improve sleep quality, one of which is through regular physical activity tailored to individual conditions. This study aims to determine the relationship between physical activity and sleep quality among menopausal women in Banjar Anyar Gede and Kubu Alit Kedonganan. This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach involving 84 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Physical activity levels were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), while sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test with a 95% significance level (α = 0.05). The results of the study indicate that most respondents engaged in moderate physical activity and had good sleep quality. Bivariate analysis revealed a significant association between physical activity and sleep quality in menopausal women (p = 0.001). Based on the study results, it can be concluded that higher levels of physical activity tend to be associated with better sleep quality in menopausal women.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ni Ketut Ari Putri, Ni Luh Nopi Andayani, I Putu Gde Surya Adhitya, Gede Parta Kinandana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat di Desa Mnelalete Kecamatan Amanuban Barat Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS)
This study aimed to identify the types of medicinal plants, processing methods, and community knowledge regarding the utilization of medicinal plants in Mnelalete Village, South Central Timor Regency. This research used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach and was conducted in March 2025. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation using a purposive sampling technique involving 10 respondents consisting of community leaders, traditional healers/massage therapists, and community members who had knowledge about medicinal plants. The results showed that there were 25 species of medicinal plants belonging to 18 families utilized by the community to treat various diseases, such as wounds, malaria, stomach disorders, tumors, high fever, ringworm, coughs, diarrhea, and other illnesses. The plant parts most commonly used were leaves, fruits, rhizomes, stems, and sap. The methods of processing medicinal plants included boiling, pounding, grating, chewing, burning, and consuming them directly. Community knowledge regarding medicinal plants was inherited from their ancestors and has been maintained until today. The use of medicinal plants is preferred because they are easy to obtain, relatively inexpensive, and considered to have fewer side effects compared to modern medicine. This study is expected to serve as a source of information for the community and educational institutions regarding the importance of preserving and utilizing traditional medicinal plants.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arini Rahma Dhani, M. Ulil Hac D https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Foot Exercise and Neuropathy Scores Among Diabetic Neuropathy Patients in Indonesia: A Scoping Review
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Its prevalence has increased in Indonesia in parallel with the rising national prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Foot exercise is recommended as a simple non-pharmacological intervention for Diabetic neuropathy (DN); however, existing evidence remains fragmented. This study aimed to map the effectiveness of foot exercise in reducing neuropathy scores among patients with diabetic neuropathy in Indonesia. A scoping review was conducted on articles published between 2016 and 2026 from Garuda, Google Scholar, PubMed, and EBSCO databases. Study selection followed the PRISMA framework with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 7 studies were analyzed using a descriptive narrative approach. All studies demonstrated a significant reduction in neuropathy scores (p<0.05) following foot exercise interventions, assessed using both subjective (DNS) and objective instruments (DNE, MNSI, TCSS). Intervention duration ranged from 1 to 24 weeks, with frequencies varying from 3 times per week to 5 times per day. More optimal outcomes were observed with longer durations or higher frequencies of intervention. Foot exercise is effective in reducing neuropathy scores in patients with diabetic neuropathy by improving blood circulation, tissue oxygenation, and insulin sensitivity. Regular implementation with adequate duration and frequency yields optimal outcomes and is recommended as a safe and simple non-pharmacological therapy.
Copyright (c) 2026 Satria Akbar Putra Asmara, Ulil Albab Habibah, Muhammad Wicaksana Suryadi, Nazla Fahnaz Aufar, Jihan Irbah Salsabila https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
When Waiting Saves Myocardium: Deferred stenting in a 30-year-old STEMI Patient
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the manifestations of cardiovascular disease (CVD) that often occurs in patients. The ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was the most common of ACS manifestations and showed high mortality rates. Therefore, adequate treatment is required. The primary PCI remains a gold standard in STEMI management, as it significantly improves clinical outcomes by restoring coronary blood flow and preserving jeopardized myocardium. A 30-year-old male patient presented with chest pain 5 hours ago. The pain was located in the mid-sternal area of the chest and radiated to the back. The symptoms developed after the patient had finished playing futsal. The patient denied other associated symptoms such as shortness of breath. The ECG showed ST-elevation in V1-V6 leads and high hs-troponin marker. The patient was diagnosed with an extensive anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction. On coronary angiography examination, the patient was resulted with high thrombus burden. Moreover, the patient was treated with initial pharmacological medications and primary PCI, particularly the plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) with deferred stenting. On the sixth day of hospitalization, the patient had a stable condition and was discharged from the hospital. The primary PCI with POBA and deferred stenting can be considered as an alternative treatment approach in STEMI with HTB patients.
Copyright (c) 2026 Astri Meliana Meliana, I Putu Gede Budiana, I Dewa Agung Gede Oka Dwi Wicaksana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Keberlanjutan Dan Perubahan Tari Angguk Grobogan di Sanggar Seni Kanastren
The Angguk Grobogan Dance is a traditional art form that has grown and developed within the community of Grobogan Regency, Central Java. As an intangible cultural heritage, the Angguk Dance possesses historical, religious, social, and aesthetic values ​​that reflect the identity of its supporters. However, globalization, modernization, technological developments, and changing public tastes pose challenges that impact the sustainability of this traditional art form. This study aims to further explore the desires and changes in the Angguk Grobogan Dance within the context of productions conducted by the Kanastren Art Studio. This study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive approach. The research location was the Kanastren Art Studio, Grobogan Regency, Central Java. Data collection techniques included observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data obtained were explained using Koentjaraningrat's theory of cultural change to understand the relationship between tradition preservation and the process of cultural adaptation that occurs in the Angguk Grobogan Dance. The results of the study indicate that the desire for the Angguk Grobogan Dance at the Kanastren Art Studio is realized through routine practice, continuous performances, the regeneration process of dancers from various age groups, and the inheritance of cultural values ​​​​contained in the dance. In addition, the study found various forms of change that occurred in the Angguk Grobogan Dance, including changes in musical accompaniment, development of dance movements, adjustments to costumes, and changes in aspects of the dancers. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that desire and change are two complementary processes in the preservation of the Angguk Grobogan Dance. Cultural preservation does not have to be done by maintaining old forms rigidly, but can be realized through innovation that remains grounded in traditional values.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anggun Lydia Maharani Anggun, Joko Wiyoso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Peran Kapabilitas SDM dalam Memoderasi Pengaruh Transformasi Digital terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perbankan di Indonesia
The purpose of this research is to examine how digital transformation has affected the bottom lines of Indonesian banks, controlling for the moderating effect of digital HR capacity. Banks are being forced to abandon their physical business models in favour of an integrated digital ecosystem due to the acceleration of digitalisation in the aftermath of the pandemic. For this study, we used a quantitative methodology based on purposive selection to sift through the annual reports of traditional commercial banks trading on the IDX in Indonesia from 2022 to 2024. With the use of purposive sampling, 114 observations were obtained from 38 different banks. The analytical approach that was used to examine the moderating influence of HR capacity was panel data regression using a Fixed Effects Model (FEM) and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The data was analysed using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) and Panel Data Regression. The results of the study show that return on investment (ROI) has not changed drastically due to digital investments. This shows that it takes some time for digital investments to pay off financially. On the other hand, OFFICE dramatically boosts ROA, suggesting that physical networks are remain valuable distribution assets that help banks turn a profit when they use a hybrid banking strategy. There is no evidence that HR capacity moderates the impact of INVESTMENT or OFFICE on ROA, according to the findings of the moderation test.According to this research, in order for banking digital transformation strategies to reap the full benefits of digital transformation in the long run, it is not enough to just invest in technology; strategies should also prioritise strengthening HR digital competencies and optimising the integration of digital and physical services.
Copyright (c) 2026 Deasy Wulaningsih, Oktavia Oktavia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Screen Time Ibu dengan Perkembangan Bahasa Anak Usia 1–3 Tahun: Studi Eksploratif di Wilayah Kerja Klinik Pratama Unhas Baraya
Language development in children aged 1–3 years is a critical aspect of child growth and development that is influenced by the quality of parental stimulation and interaction. High gadget use among mothers potentially reduces the quality of verbal interaction through the phenomenon of technoference, which may affect children's language development. This study aimed to analyze the association between maternal screen time and language development in children aged 1–3 years in the working area of Klinik Pratama Unhas Baraya. Methods: This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 40 mothers with children aged 12–36 months were selected using consecutive sampling technique. Maternal screen time data were collected using an adapted version of the Screen Time Questionnaire (STQ), while children's language development was assessed using the Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan (KPSP) specifically on the speech and language domain. Data were analyzed using Fisher's Exact Test with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The results showed that the majority of mothers had high screen time category (62.5%) and most children demonstrated normal language development (75.0%) . The proportion of language delay was higher in the group of mothers with high screen time compared to those with low screen time (32.0% vs 13.3%) . However, statistical analysis revealed no significant association between maternal screen time and language development in children aged 1–3 years (p=0.269) . Conclusion: Maternal screen time did not show a statistically significant association with language development in children aged 1–3 years. Nevertheless, gadget use among mothers remains a concern as it has the potential to affect the quality of interaction and language stimulation in early childhood.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Aliya Arsyad, Rachmawati Abdul Hafid, Linda Linda, Safaruddin Safaruddin, Misbawati Misbawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Kekuatan Otot Quadriceps dan Posisi Patella terhadap Fungsi Lutut pada Olahragawan
Knee function is the ability of the knee joint to perform movements or activities without pain or limitations such as walking, running, jumping or going up and down stairs. Athletes demand optimal knee conditions with complex movements requiring quadriceps muscle strength and good patellar position, if there is weakness of the quadriceps muscle it can cause an unbalanced pull between the medial and lateral knee. This causes the patella position to experience pulling or tracking which can increase the patellofemoral joint and impact knee function due to pain. This study aims to determine the relationship between quadriceps muscle strength and patellar position to knee function in athletes. This study used a cross-sectional design with 75 athletes aged 15-22 years selected by purposive sampling technique. Quadriceps muscle strength was measured with a hand-held dynamometer, patellar position by visual inspection of the patellar tendon using ultrasonography and knee function with the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Statistical analysis used the Spearman's rho bivariate test. A significant correlation was found between left quadriceps muscle strength and the KOOS QOL domain (p=0.031, r=0.250), and a significant correlation was found between right patellar position and the KOOS ADL domain (p=0.042, r=-0.236), but no correlation was found for the other KOOS domains. There was a significant correlation between left quadriceps muscle strength and KOOS QOL, and there was a significant correlation between right patellar position and KOOS ADL in athletes. These findings support the role of quadriceps muscle strength and optimal patellar position in improving knee function.
Copyright (c) 2026 Luh Gede Risma Yanti, I Putu Gde Surya Adhitya, Ari Wibawa, I Made Niko Winaya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tinjauan Naratif: Efektivitas Nefroprotektif Ekstrak Black garlic (Alium Sativum L.) dalam Menurunkan Kadar Ureum
Acute kidney injury can be triggered by gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity due to drug accumulation in renal cortical epithelial cells, which increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) and causes oxidative stress, as reflected by elevated blood urea levels. Black garlic (Allium sativum L.) contains S-allyl cysteine (SAC), a potent antioxidant that may neutralize oxidative stress and protect the kidney. This narrative review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of black garlic extract in lowering blood urea levels across various animal models of nephrotoxicity. A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2020 and 2025 using the keywords "black garlic", "blood urea", and "nephroprotective". A total of 3 relevant articles meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed in this review. The results show that administration of black garlic extract was consistently associated with reduced blood urea levels toward normal values in animal models induced by gentamicin as well as other nephrotoxic agents such as cisplatin and sodium benzoate. This blood urea reduction positively correlated with improved renal histopathology, characterized by decreased tubular necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. Additionally, black garlic extract increased the activity of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase, while decreasing malondialdehyde levels as a marker of lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, black garlic extract also reduced caspase-3 expression, indicating inhibition of the apoptotic pathway. In conclusion, black garlic extract demonstrates potential as a nephroprotective agent in lowering blood urea levels in various nephrotoxicity models through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.
Copyright (c) 2026 Wulandari Pramuda Wardani, Intan Adevia Rosnarita, Hasriyani Hasriyani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Prosedur Pemeriksaan MRI Hip Joint pada Kasus AVN Menggunakan Flexible Coil
Avascular Necrosis (AVN) is a condition characterized by the death of bone tissue due to impaired blood supply, most commonly affecting the femoral head and potentially leading to progressive structural damage if not diagnosed at an early stage. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the preferred imaging modality for detecting AVN because of its high sensitivity in identifying bone marrow and soft tissue changes. At RSUD Bali Mandara, MRI examinations of the hip joint in AVN cases are performed using a flexible coil, making it necessary to evaluate the examination procedure and the resulting image quality. This study aimed to analyze the MRI hip joint examination procedure in AVN cases using a flexible coil and to assess the diagnostic value of the images produced. A descriptive qualitative research design was employed, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving two patients who underwent MRI hip joint examinations. The results showed that the examination procedure included patient preparation, equipment preparation, patient positioning, and image acquisition using multiplanar MRI sequences. Based on interviews with radiographers and radiologists, the use of a flexible coil produced images with low noise levels and sufficient quality to clearly demonstrate hip joint anatomy and AVN characteristics. In one patient, MRI revealed signal changes in the femoral head consistent with AVN, while the second patient showed imaging features more indicative of osteoarthritis. It can be concluded that the use of a flexible coil in MRI hip joint examinations provides diagnostically acceptable image quality and can support the diagnosis of AVN when combined with appropriate examination techniques and optimized imaging parameters.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurul Syakirah, I Made Lana Prasetya, I Putu Surya Dharma Negara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Yuridis Praktik Manipulasi Pasar oleh Influencer Saham dan Dampaknya Terhadap Investor Ritel (Studi Kasus Otoritas Jasa Keuangan terhadap Influencer BVN)
The development of technology and social media has encouraged the emergence of the stock influencer phenomenon (finfluencer) which has a significant influence of investment decisions, especially for retail investors, which on the one hand increases financial literacy but on the other hand has the potential to cause market manipulation practices. This research aims to analyze the legal regulations of market manipulation, examine the forms and modes of practice carried out by stock influencers, asses legal responsibility of retail investor losses, and examine the role of the Otoritas Jasa Keuangan as finansial services authority in law enforcement and investor protection. The research method used is normative jurisdical with a legislative approach and a case approach to BVN influencer cases. The research results show that the practice of market manipulation has been regulated in the Capital Market Act, but the regulation still general and has not yet accomodated the finfluencer phenomenon, with the mode of spreading stock recommendations through social media, utilizing influence on retail investors, using multiple securities accounts, and the practice of pump and dump. This research concludes that stock influencers can be held accountable administratively, civilly, and criminally, as well as affirming the importance of strengthening the role of regulators in dealing with capital market dynamics in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rawia Salsabilla, Faizal Muslim, Sahara Intan Sari, Ananda Nabila Pasya, Sunarko Sunarko, Emiel Salim Siregar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Spasial: Prevalensi Hipertensi Dengan PHBS dan Jumlah Posbindu Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Tahun 2023
The increasing prevalence of hypertension has become a major health problem, both globally, regionally, and nationally. In Indonesia, according to the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI), the prevalence of hypertension was recorded at 30.8%, and in West Java at 34.4%. According to the 2023 health profile data from Tasikmalaya Regency, 76.8% of hypertension sufferers received healthcare services. Understanding the detrimental patterns of hypertension requires government and community efforts to implement early prevention. Data on hypertension incidence can be mapped using a Geographical Information System (GIS). This study aims to examine spatial effects in Tasikmalaya Regency, West Java. This study uses ecological study used aggregate data. The data source was the 2023 health profile of Tasikmalaya Regency. All sub-districts were used as units of analysis. Data analysis was performed using the GeoDa application. Results Shows a negative spatial autocorrelation between hypertension and the number of Posbindu (Moran's I: -0.817; p-value: 0.01) and Healthy Lifestyle Behavior (Moran's I: -0.152; p-value: 0.04). Conclusion: This study demonstrates a negative spatial autocorrelation between hypertension and Healthy Lifestyle Behavior and the number of Posbindu (Integrated Health Posts). Interventions to improve Healthy Lifestyle Behavior and equalize the number of Posbindu are needed, particularly in areas with high hypertension cases that are adjacent to areas with low Healthy Lifestyle Behavior.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dadan Yogaswara, Yuni Laferani, Irfan Nafis Sjamsuddin, Wulan Tri Yutanti, Kharisma Nurul Fazrianti Rusman, Meita Tyas Nugrahaeni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Metafora Hewan Dalam Ungkapan Peribahasa Dorabololo Masyarakat Ternate
Metaphor interprets human perspective through an object. One of them is animal object in giving meaning to every aspect of human life. This article describes how certain animals are used in Ternate dorabololo proverbs to describe various experiences, behaviors, and the causes behind people's behavior. This study uses Conceptual Metaphor Theory. This theory describes the mapping of two domains known as the source domain and the target domain which has been widely adopted in the analysis of metaphorical expressions related to various concepts. Data collection was carried out by purposive sampling from both primary and secondary sources. Data analysis was carried out by categorizing and discussing the data under relevant thematic subheadings. The findings in this study revealed that both invertebrate and non-invertebrate animals such as birds, fish, and insects are expressed in Ternate dorabololo proverbs to advise people against undesirable negative attitudes or behaviors such as being untrustworthy, irresponsible, procrastination, greed, and all kinds of other social evils. These creatures are also used through the proverb dorabololo as a guide to life that directs towards positive behavior that can be used as a learning resource in learning Indonesian language and literature.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurbaya Nurbaya, Sukardi Abbas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0