Hubungan Antara Postur Kerja, Usia, Dan Masa Kerja Dengan Keluhan Low Back Pain Pada Pekerja Bengkel Las Di Kecamatan Sario Dan Wanea Kota Manado

Abstract

One of the most common occupational health problems is Low Back Pain (LBP). LBP is characterized by pain in the lower back that may originate from the lumbar spine, muscles, nerves, or surrounding tissues. Several factors may contribute to the development of LBP, one of which is work posture. This study aimed to determine the relationships between work posture, age, years of service, and LBP complaints among welding workshop workers. This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach and was conducted from November 2025 to April 2026. The study population consisted of all identified welding workshop workers. The research instruments included the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) observation sheet to assess work posture and the Pain and Distress Scale questionnaire to assess LBP complaints. Data were collected through questionnaire-based interviews and direct observation. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses, with Fisher's exact test at a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that the majority of workers had non-ergonomic work postures (33 workers; 94.3%), had more than five years of work experience (23 workers; 65.7%), and were in the at-risk age group (25 workers; 71.4%). Most respondents experienced moderate LBP complaints (82.9%), while none reported severe LBP complaints. Bivariate analysis using Fisher's exact test revealed significant relationships between work posture (p = 0.025), years of service (p = 0.001), age (p < 0.001), and LBP complaints among welding workshop workers in Sario and Wanea Districts, Manado City