Analisis Spasial Kejadian Tuberkulosis di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tuminting Tahun 2024

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Indonesia. In 2024, the working area of Puskesmas Tuminting recorded the highest number of TB cases in Manado City, with a total of 181 cases. This study employed a quantitative method with a descriptive approach and an ecological study design based on a Geographic Information System (GIS), using spatial overlay analysis in ArcGIS on secondary data obtained from the TB Information System of Puskesmas Tuminting and the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) of Manado City. The sample comprised 172 TB cases residing within the working area of Puskesmas Tuminting in 2024. This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of TB cases and the association between risk factors—namely sex and population density—and the spatial occurrence of TB in the working area of Puskesmas Tuminting during 2024. The results showed that TB cases formed a clustering pattern rather than being randomly distributed, with the highest concentrations found in Sindulang Satu (33 cases), Mahawu (30 cases), and Sumompo (29 cases) sub-districts. By sex, TB cases were more prevalent among males (110 cases, 64.0%) than females (62 cases, 36.0%). The overlay analysis further revealed that a higher incidence of TB was not always associated with higher population density, indicating that other factors may also contribute to the spread of the disease. In conclusion, TB cases in the working area of Puskesmas Tuminting in 2024 exhibited a clustering pattern, were predominantly found among males, and their distribution could not be fully explained by population density. These findings suggest that GIS-based spatial analysis can be utilized to identify priority areas and support the development of more effective and targeted TB control programs.