Hubungan Riwayat Neuropati Dengan Kejadian Ulkus Diabetikum Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Di RSUD Meuraxa Banda Aceh

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a long-term metabolic disorder that may lead to diabetic ulcers. Diabetic neuropathy is an important predisposing factor because diminished protective sensation in the lower limbs can make patients unaware of minor trauma or wounds. Without early recognition and treatment, these injuries may progress to more severe lesions. Objective: To examine the association between a history of neuropathy and the occurrence of diabetic ulcers among patients with T2DM at Meuraxa Regional General Hospital, Banda Aceh. Methods: An analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. All 36 eligible respondents were included using total sampling. Neuropathy data were collected with the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), and the association was analyzed using the Fisher-Freeman-Halton Exact Test. Most respondents had a history of neuropathy, and this history was significantly associated with diabetic ulcer occurrence, with p=0.010 (p<0.05). Ulcers tended to be more severe among respondents with neuropathy than among those without neuropathy. The findings indicate an association between neuropathy history and diabetic ulcers in patients with T2DM treated at Meuraxa Regional General Hospital, Banda Aceh. Early identification and appropriate management of diabetic neuropathy, together with foot-care education, routine foot assessment, and adequate blood glucose control, are important to reduce ulcer formation and subsequent complications.