Efektivitas Intervensi Short Burst Exercise Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Aktivitas Fisik Siswa Sekolah

Irawan Wibisono; Boki Jaleha; Novita Alfiani

doi:10.31004/koloni.v5i3.1425

Authors

Irawan Wibisono Universitas Widya Husada Semarang
Boki Jaleha Universitas Widya Husada Semarang
Novita Alfiani Universitas Widya Husada Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/koloni.v5i3.1425

Keywords:

Short Burst Exercise, Physical Activity, Physiotherapy.

Abstract

Obesity and low physical fitness have become significant nutritional and health concerns among children in Indonesia. Limited school break times necessitate efficient exercise strategies, such as Short Burst Exercise (SBE), which can be implemented during recess. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of SBE in improving physical activity capacity and cardiovascular responses among school students. A quasi-experimental design using a pre-test and post-test approach was employed. The study involved 31 students from SMPN 25 Semarang. The measured parameters included anthropometric characteristics, Body Mass Index (BMI), Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) based on the Borg scale, and heart rate responses before and after the exercise intervention. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and Paired Samples T-Test. The results showed a statistically significant increase in mean heart rate from 84.40 ± 11.03 bpm at pre-test to 100.70 ± 11.67 bpm at post-test, with a mean increase of 16.30 bpm. The mean RPE score of 4.30 ± 0.67 indicated a moderate exercise intensity. The Paired Samples T-Test showed a significant difference (t = 2.877; p = 0.018 < 0.05), indicating that the SBE intervention significantly increased cardiovascular response and stimulated cardiac activity among students. These findings suggest that SBE is an effective and practical exercise intervention that can be implemented in schools to support the maintenance and improvement of children's physical fitness.

References

Assiroj, Priati, Rasona Akbar, and Bobby Briando. 2022. Statistika Dasar. BPSDM KUMHAM PRESS.

Basrowi, Ray Wagiu, Endang Mariani Rahayu, Levina Chandra Khoe, Erika Wasito, and Tonny Sundjaya. 2021. “The Road to Healthy Ageing: What Has Indonesia Achieved So Far?” Nutrients 2021, Vol. 13, Page 3441 13(10):3441. doi: 10.3390/NU13103441.

Coates, Alexandra M., Michael J. Joyner, Jonathan P. Little, Andrew M. Jones, and Martin J. Gibala. 2023. “A Perspective on High-Intensity Interval Training for Performance and Health.” Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) 53(Suppl 1):85. doi: 10.1007/S40279-023-01938-6.

Eckard, Matthew L., Hana C. Kuwabara, and Carole M. Van Camp. 2019. “Using Heart Rate as a Physical Activity Metric.” Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 52(3):718–32. doi: 10.1002/JABA.581.

Falz, Roberto, Sven Fikenzer, Roman Holzer, Ulrich Laufs, Kati Fikenzer, and Martin Busse. 2019. “Acute Cardiopulmonary Responses to Strength Training, High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training.” European Journal of Applied Physiology 2019 119:7 119(7):1513–23. doi: 10.1007/S00421-019-04138-1.

Hakam, M. Abdul. 2023. “Dinkes Kota Semarang: Hingga Februari Obesitas Pada Anak Capai 148 Anak – Halo Semarang.” Https://Halosemarang.Id/. Retrieved November 8, 2025 (https://halosemarang.id/dinkes-kota-semarang-hingga-februari-obesitas-pada-anak-capai-148-anak/).

Hakam, M. Abdul. 2025. “44.474 Anak Di Kota Semarang Telah Ikuti CKG – Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Tengah.” Https://Jatengprov.Go.Id/ https://jatengprov.go.id/beritadaerah/44-474-anak-. Retrieved November 8, 2025 (https://jatengprov.go.id/beritadaerah/44-474-anak-di-kota-semarang-telah-ikuti-ckg/).

Hardi. 2025. Statistika Untuk Penelitian. edited by J. T. Haryanta. Jakarta: Literasi Langsung Terbit.

Ito, Shigenori. 2019. “High-Intensity Interval Training for Health Benefits and Care of Cardiac Diseases - The Key to an Efficient Exercise Protocol.” World Journal of Cardiology 11(7):171. doi: 10.4330/WJC.V11.I7.171.

Jaleha, Boki, Kuswardani Kuswardani, Zainal Abidin, Suci Amanati, Novita Alfiani, Irawan Wibisono, Maya Triyanita, Didik Purnomo, and Luhur Sesanti. 2025. “PKM EDUKASI PENTINGNYA PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DALAM MENINGKATAN DAYA TAHAN JANTUNG PARU PADA SISWA SMA.” SINKRON: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat UIKA Jaya 3(3):246–57. doi: 10.32832/JPMUJ.V3I3.2860.

Logan, Greig R. M., Nigel Harris, Scott Duncan, and Grant Schofield. 2014. “A Review of Adolescent High-Intensity Interval Training.” Sports Medicine 2014 44:8 44(8):1071–85. doi: 10.1007/S40279-014-0187-5.

Marmondi, Federica, Marco Panascì, Luca Filipas, Emanuela Luisa Faelli, and Matteo Bonato. 2026. “High-Intensity Interval vs Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training in Endurance Runners: A Systematic Review of Physiological, Biochemical, Physical, and Biomechanical Adaptations.” International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching 21(1):580–91. doi: 10.1177/17479541251375315;SUBPAGE:STRING:ABSTRACT;WEBSITE:WEBSITE:SAGE;WGROUP:STRING:PUBLICATION.

MC, Beti. 2025. “Reses: Waktu Istirahat Otak Bagi Anak-Anak – PKPA Indonesia.” Https://Pkpaindonesia.Org/. Retrieved November 8, 2025 (https://pkpaindonesia.org/reses-waktu-istirahat-otak-bagi-anak-anak/).

Novildan, Naufal Hanif Syah, Dita Syifa Khairunnisa, Mierzha Argiyan Giovan, Dwi Aji Nugroho, Sri Utami, and Sartika Puspita. 2024. “Education and Training on Dental and Oral Health as Well as Clean and Healthy Lifestyle for Children.” Community Empowerment 9(5):789–96. doi: 10.31603/CE.11233.

Nurhasanah, Neli, Budiono Budiono, and Wawan Hermawan. 2025. “Analisis Ekonomi, Sosial Demografi Dan Lingkungan Dari Food Loss/ Waste (FLW) Di Indonesia.” Bina Ekonomi 29(2):117–28. doi: 10.26593/3D17PG37.

Rudji, Hamdi. 2023. “Analisis Kondisi Demografi, Ekonomi Dan Lingkungan Pada Anak Putus Sekolah Di Kecamatan Banawa Kabupaten Donggala (Studi Kasus Jenjang Pendidikan Sekolah Menengah Pertama):” Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains 6(6):519–26. doi: 10.56338/JKS.V6I6.3672.

Sacheck, Jennifer M., Catherine M. Wright, Sarah A. Amin, Stephanie Anzman-Frasca, Virginia M. Chomitz, Kenneth K. Chui, Paula J. Duquesnay, Miriam E. Nelson, and Christina D. Economos. 2021. “The Fueling Learning Through Exercise Study Cluster RCT: Impact on Children’s Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 60(6):e239–49. doi: 10.1016/J.AMEPRE.2021.01.002.

Sanchis-Gomar, Fabian, Marco V. Perez, Carme Perez-Quilis, Giuseppe Lippi, Carl J. Lavie, François Haddad, Jeffrey W. Christle, and Jonathan Myers. 2025. “The Acquisition of Cardiovascular Adaptation to Aerobic Exercise: When Does It Begin and How Does It Evolve Depending on Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors?” Canadian Journal of Cardiology 41(3):386–97. doi: 10.1016/J.CJCA.2024.12.023.

Shi, Peng, Yan Tang, Ziyun Zhang, Xiaosu Feng, and Chenyang Li. 2022. “Effect of Physical Exercise in Real-World Settings on Executive Function of Typical Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.” Brain Sciences 2022, Vol. 12, Page 1734 12(12):1734. doi: 10.3390/BRAINSCI12121734.

Sigudu, Themba T., Thandiwe N. Mkhatshwa, and Kotsedi D. Monyeki. 2025. “BMI-Based Nutritional Assessment of Children Aged 11–17 Years in Rural Ellisras, Limpopo Province.” Journal of Public Health in Africa 16(1):1295. doi: 10.4102/JPHIA.V16I1.1295.

Sortwell, Andrew, Kate O’Brien, Aron Murphy, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Benjamin Piggott, Gregory Hine, and Michael Newton. 2024. “Effects of Plyometric-Based Structured Game Active Breaks on Fundamental Movement Skills, Muscular Fitness, Self-Perception, and Actual Behaviour in Primary School Students.” Biology of Sport 41(3):69–78. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2024.132991.

Syamsiah, Siti, and Aenurida Aenurida. 2025. “SCREENING FOR OBESITY AND EDUCATION ON THE IMPACT OF OBESITY IN CHILDREN AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN NORTH CIKARANG.” International Journal of Engagement and Empowerment (IJE2) 5(1):72–76. doi: 10.53067/IJE2.V5I1.202.

Tian, Xin, Jian Fu, Jiaxue Tian, Yu Yang, Wenjie Liang, Wencui Fan, and Renqing Zhao. 2021. “The Efficacy of Brief School-Based Exercise Programs in Improving Pubertal Bone Mass and Physical Fitness: A Randomized Controlled Trial.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, Vol. 18, Page 9648 18(18):9648. doi: 10.3390/IJERPH18189648.

Wanra, Fadhlan Agusma, Rima Semiarty, Laila Isrona, Yuniar Lestari, Yulia Kurniawati, Menkher Manjas, and Taufik Akbar. 2024. “Hubungan Faktor Demografi Dengan Pendapat Masyarakat Tentang Cara Mengatasi Trauma Muskuloskeletal Berdasarkan Health Belief Model Di Kota Sawahlunto.” Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Yayasan RS.Dr. Soetomo 10(2):297–311. doi: 10.29241/jmk.v10i2.1930.

WHO. 2025. “Obesity and Overweight.” Https://Www.Who.Int/. Retrieved November 9, 2025 (https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight).

Wibisono, Irawan, . Soesanto, and Mahalul Azam. 2022. “The Effect Of Neck Pain On Craniovertebral Angle Due To The Use Of Smartphone As A Learning Media For Physiotherapy Students In Widya Husada University Semarang.” JURNAL KEPERAWATAN DAN FISIOTERAPI (JKF) 4(2):284–89. doi: 10.35451/JKF.V4I2.1089.

Yumassik, Abdul Mahmud, Hesti Febriyana Nurinsani, Nur Azizah, Reza Junadi, Riska Azizah, Sekolah Tinggi, Ilmu Kesehatan, and Isfi Banjarmasin. 2023. “CHARTING (Childern Smart Anti Sunting) : Inisiasi Gerakan Generasi Emas Bebas Stunting Dan Peningkatan Kesehatan Masyarakat.” Jurnal Bakti Untuk Negeri 3(1):44–55. doi: 10.36387/JBN.V3I1.1370.

Zhu, Feilong, Xiaotong Zhu, Xiaoyu Bi, Dongqing Kuang, Boya Liu, Jingyi Zhou, Yiming Yang, and Yuanchun Ren. 2023. “Comparative Effectiveness of Various Physical Exercise Interventions on Executive Functions and Related Symptoms in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.” Frontiers in Public Health 11:1133727. doi: 10.3389/FPUBH.2023.1133727/REFERENCE.