Studi Kasus Pasien Perempuan Berusia 16 Tahun Dengan Infeksi Saluran Kemih Bagian Bawah (Cystitis Akut)

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in children and adolescents and may result in significant morbidity, recurrent infections, and long-term complications if not managed appropriately. This case report describes the diagnosis, management, and clinical outcome of a 16-year-old female adolescent with lower urinary tract infection. The patient presented with suprapubic pain, dysuria, cloudy urine, and low-grade fever. Physical examination revealed suprapubic tenderness, while urinalysis demonstrated leukocyturia (+7/HPF) and mild hematuria (+1/µL). Abdominal ultrasonography showed findings consistent with cystitis accompanied by minimal fluid collection in the pouch of Douglas. Based on the clinical and laboratory findings, the patient was diagnosed with acute cystitis, with urinary tract stones and pyelonephritis considered as differential diagnoses. Management included intravenous fluid therapy, intravenous ceftriaxone followed by oral cefixime, and supportive treatment with sucralfate and multivitamins. Clinical improvement was observed within 48 hours, including resolution of fever, reduced suprapubic pain, and improved general condition. The patient also received education regarding adequate hydration, appropriate voiding habits, genital hygiene, and adherence to antibiotic therapy to prevent recurrence. This case highlights that early diagnosis and rational antibiotic therapy according to current guidelines are essential for successful management of pediatric and adolescent UTIs. The prognosis was favorable in terms of survival, functional outcome, and complete recovery.