Model Pencegahan Stunting Berbasis Tradisi dan Kearifan Lokal pada 1000 HPK di Kota Tidore Kepulauan

Abstract

Stunting prevention during the first 1,000 days of life requires a comprehensive approach that extends beyond biomedical and nutritional interventions by considering cultural norms, family authority, and local beliefs that influence feeding practices, breastfeeding, postpartum care, and child-rearing. This study aimed to explore local traditions and cultural wisdom related to maternal and child health, identify cultural practices that support or hinder stunting prevention, and develop an integrated culture-based intervention model in Tidore Islands City. A descriptive qualitative study with a participatory approach was conducted. Twenty-five informants were purposively selected from seven categories: pregnant women, postpartum mothers, community/religious leaders, village midwives, health cadres, mothers with children aged 0–24 months, and traditional leaders (Sowohi). Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and stakeholder validation discussions, and were analyzed thematically using Braun and Clarke’s approach. Five main themes emerged: intergenerational gaps in understanding stunting and the first 1,000 days of life; food taboos and early introduction of complementary foods; the dual role of local cultural practices, including supportive practices (Bakera, Bafufu, Kuah Rujak and Sou Boso, Doa Rasai, and Suba) and potentially harmful practices (Barahu); the role of traditional leaders as cultural legitimizers; and cultural gathering points as strategic spaces for integrated nutrition education. The proposed model integrates midwives, health cadres, traditional and religious leaders, and family members through social and religious gatherings. A culture-based approach that preserves positive traditions while addressing potentially harmful practices may strengthen the sustainability of stunting prevention efforts in Tidore Islands City.